The Mechanism and Spread of Pacemaker Activity Through Myenteric Interstitial Cells of Cajal in Human Small Intestine

Lee, Hyun–Tai; Hennig, Grant W.; Fleming, Neal; Keef, Kathleen D.; Spencer, Nick J.; Ward, Sean M.; Sanders, Kenton M.; Smith, Terence K.

doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2007.02.049

Cited by 90 publications

(122 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…6,7,14 Each Ca 2+ transient was biphasic consisting of a rapid upstroke phase (time to peak 0.43 ± 0.01 s, n=25) followed by a prolonged plateau phase (time to peak 2.51 ± 0.09 s, n=25; duration 6.18 ± 0.22 s, n=25) ( Figure 2C), which is similar in waveform to electrical slow waves and Ca 2+ transients in flat-sheet preparations (Movie 2). 6 The generation of pacemaker activity in ICC-MY was not dependent on neural activity since as it was unaffected by tetrodotoxin (1 μM, n=5). 6,18 Pacemaker activity originated in ICC-MY either near the surface of the LM (n=8) or the CM (n=3) and propagated toward the opposite muscle, while at the same time propagating along the network at a velocity of 4.04 ± 0.49 mm/s (n=7).…”

Section: Propagation Of Pacemaker Activity In Cross-sectional Preparamentioning

confidence: 92%

“…6 The generation of pacemaker activity in ICC-MY was not dependent on neural activity since as it was unaffected by tetrodotoxin (1 μM, n=5). 6,18 Pacemaker activity originated in ICC-MY either near the surface of the LM (n=8) or the CM (n=3) and propagated toward the opposite muscle, while at the same time propagating along the network at a velocity of 4.04 ± 0.49 mm/s (n=7). As pacemaker activity propagated along the ICC-MY network, it also conducted into ICC-SEP lying along the edges of CM bundles ( Figure 2A and D and Movie 3).…”

Section: Propagation Of Pacemaker Activity In Cross-sectional Preparamentioning

confidence: 92%

“…The rapid Ca 2+ transients in muscle bundles were abolished by nicardipine (1 μM, n=6), suggesting they were generated by Ca 2+ dependent action potentials through activation of L-type Ca 2+ channels. 3,5,6,[17][18][19] In contrast, pacemaker activity in ICC-MY and ICC-SEP was unaffected by nicardipine. 6…”

Section: Activity In CM Bundlesmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…6,7,14,18,19 After equilibration, tissues were incubated with fluo-4 (Molecular Probes, Eugene, OR) dissolved in a Krebs' solution with 0.8 % dimethyl sulfoxide and 0.2 % Cremophor EL for 20 minutes at 25 °C. The final loading concentration of fluo-4 in the tissue bath was 50 μg/5ml (~10 μM).…”

Section: Visualization Of Ca 2+ Transientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] In small mammals, the pacemaker apparatus consists of a two-dimensional network of stellate cells, which lie between the longitudinal muscle (LM) and circular muscle (CM) layers, called the myenteric interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC-MY). 3,7 ICC-MY are connected together and to the neighboring smooth muscle layers by gap junctions.…”

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Septal Interstitial Cells of Cajal Conduct Pacemaker Activity to Excite Muscle Bundles in Human Jejunum

et al. 2007

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Background & Aims-Like the heart, intestinal smooth muscles exhibit electrical rhythmicity, which originates in pacemaker cells surrounding the myenteric plexus called interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC-MY). In large mammals, ICC also line septa (ICC-SEP) between circular muscle (CM) bundles, suggesting they might be necessary for activating muscle bundles. It is important to determine their functional significance since a loss of ICC in humans is associated with disordered motility. Our

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Section: Propagation Of Pacemaker Activity In Cross-sectional Preparamentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Propagation Of Pacemaker Activity In Cross-sectional Preparamentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Activity In CM Bundlesmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Visualization Of Ca 2+ Transientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Septal Interstitial Cells of Cajal Conduct Pacemaker Activity to Excite Muscle Bundles in Human Jejunum

et al. 2007

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Guidelines on the diagnosis and management of iron deficiency and anemia in inflammatory bowel diseases#

Gasché

Berstad

Befrits

et al. 2007

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

399

413

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Anemia is a common complication of inflammatory bowel diseases. An international working party has formed and developed guidelines for evaluation and treatment of anemia and iron deficiency that should serve practicing gastroenterologists. Within a total of 16 statements, recommendations are made regarding diagnostic measures to screen for iron- and other anemia-related deficiencies regarding the triggers for medical intervention, treatment goals, and appropriate therapies. Anemia is a common cause of hospitalization, prevents physicians from discharging hospitalized patients, and is one of the most frequent comorbid conditions in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. It therefore needs appropriate attention and specific care.

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Distribution and three‐dimensional appearance of the interstitial cells of Cajal in the rat stomach and duodenum

Lee

Min

et al. 2009

Microscopy Res & Technique

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The relationship between the interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) and enteric nerves or smooth muscles cells is not fully defined. Presently, distribution and appearance of ICC in the rat stomach and duodenum was studied by immunohistochemistry, electron microscopy, and three-dimensional reconstruction. c-kit expressing ICC were regularly observed in the Auerbach's myenteric plexus (AP) of the stomach and duodenum. ICC in stomach and duodenum muscle layers was dissimilarly distributed. c-kit immunoreactive cells were sparsely distributed in the stomach circular muscle layer but were abundant in the duodenum deep muscular plexus (DMP). Electron microscopy revealed that stomach ICC-AP were irregular ovals with few cytoplasmic processes, and possessed an electron-dense cytoplasm, numerous mitochondria, intermediate filaments, and caveolae. Duodenum and stomach ICC-AP were similar in appearance. Ultrastructure observations and three-dimensional reconstructions revealed ICC-AP processes wrapping the nerve fibers and projecting into the space between smooth muscle cells. While ICC-AP was occasionally close to enteric nerves or smooth muscle cells, no connections were observed. ICC-DMP in duodenum was elongated and adopted the same cell axis orientation as the circular muscle cells. Unlike ICC-AP, ICC-DMP formed gap junctions with smooth muscle cells and had close contact with nerves. These results indicate that ICC-AP is regularly distributed in stomach and duodenum, while ICC-DMP is exclusively located in the duodenum. ICC-DMP, which possess gap junctions and closely contacts nerves, may participate in neuromuscular transmission.

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The Mechanism and Spread of Pacemaker Activity Through Myenteric Interstitial Cells of Cajal in Human Small Intestine

Cited by 90 publications

References 20 publications

Septal Interstitial Cells of Cajal Conduct Pacemaker Activity to Excite Muscle Bundles in Human Jejunum

Septal Interstitial Cells of Cajal Conduct Pacemaker Activity to Excite Muscle Bundles in Human Jejunum

Guidelines on the diagnosis and management of iron deficiency and anemia in inflammatory bowel diseases#

Distribution and three‐dimensional appearance of the interstitial cells of Cajal in the rat stomach and duodenum

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