The photocatalytic performance of graphitic phase carbon
nitride
(g-C3N4) is strongly influenced by its own microstructure
as well as the precursor structure that causes the microstructure
changes. In this paper, a composite precursor of sodium chloride and
cyanamide (NaCl/CA-2) was obtained by freeze-drying, which possess
an aggregated state different from that of the non-freeze-drying method.
This new aggregation state with the introduction of sodium ions into
the cyanamide lattice results in a higher activation energy of NaCl/CA-2
in the thermal polycondensation process of the molten salt-assisted
preparation of g-C3N4, which prevented the condensation
of two cyanamides to one dicyandiamide, ultimately obtaining FD-CN
with an amino-rich structure. The nitrogen atoms on the amino group
can provide the photocatalyst with more unpaired electrons that can
participate in the photoexcitation process, further improving its
electron–hole separation ability and charge transfer efficiency,
thus effectively enhancing its photocatalytic activity. Compared to
the original g-C3N4, the photocatalytic activity
of FD-CN for the degradation of methylene blue increased 2.19 times.