The mechanism of alkali-aggregate reaction in concrete/mortar and its mitigation by using geopolymer materials and mineral admixtures: a comprehensive review

Salim, Muhammad Usama; Mosaberpanah, Mohammad Ali

doi:10.1080/19648189.2021.1960899

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 161 publications

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“…As the gel imbibes moisture, it expands in volume over time, resulting in stresses inside the concrete. Once expansion of the silica gel can no longer be accommodated in the pore structure, concrete then cracks in tension [10,12].…”

Section: Alkali-silica Reactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is well-established that GGBS effectively mitigates ASR in Portland cement mixtures [7,14]. While high-calcium geopolymer systems containing GGBS or Class C fly are more prone to ASR, their expansion values are typically below those of OPC system [12,14,15,17]. Tänzer et al [15] found that the high inherent alkali content of slag-based geopolymer binder, increased the risk of ASR.…”

Section: High-calcium Geopolymer Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It usually takes many years for ASR to develop to an extent where significant damage is visible on the concrete surface [11]. The rate of reaction and the associated deterioration and cracking depends mainly on three factors comprising the reactivity of aggregate, alkali levels in the cement and availability of moisture [11,12]. Due to high alkali concentration of the activator, the potential risk of ASR would be expectedly greater in geopolymer concrete than in Portland cement concrete, but in contrast, it is the reverse.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Alkali-silica reaction resistance versus susceptibility of geopolymer binders

2022

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Alkali–silica reaction (ASR) is a deterioration chemical process that causes expansion along with cracking of cement paste and aggregate particles, resulting in concrete degradation. Numerous factors influence ASR including aggregate reactivity, cement alkali content and moisture availability. Due to the high alkali content of the activator, the risk of ASR could be anticipated to be greater in geopolymer concrete than in Portland cement concrete. This article reviewed the susceptibility or resistance of geopolymer binders to ASR deterioration, based on published data in the literature. Generally, the vulnerability of geopolymer binders to ASR expansion is influenced by two factors comprising, the chemical composition of the aluminosilicate precursor and the alkaline activator solution characteristics. It is evident that low-calcium geopolymer binder systems exhibit very much lower ASR expansion than high-calcium geopolymer binders. Moreover, ASR expansion increases with increase in the alkali (M2O with M = Na, K) concentration of the geopolymer binder mixture and declines as the silicate modulus rises SiO2/M2O. Calcium-rich geopolymer binders have a higher risk that may exhibit ASR attack, owing to the formation of the more expansive sodium-calcium-ASR gel.

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Section: Alkali-silica Reactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: High-calcium Geopolymer Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Alkali-silica reaction resistance versus susceptibility of geopolymer binders

2022

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“…Liu proposed a draft method for evaluating the effectiveness of fly ash in inhibiting ASR in practical engineering concrete [13]. Salim and Mosaberpanah provide a comprehensive review on the mechanism, causes of AAR, and the behavior/performance of different geopolymers (a combination of an alkaline liquid with fly ash, metakaolin, and blast furnace slag) and mineral admixtures (fly ash, highly reactive metakaolin) when used to eliminate AAR and their effect on different mechanical properties of concrete [14]. Zhuang et al discuss the factors affecting the performances of fly ash-based geopolymer concrete [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pertinent to the optimal and broad utilization of fly ash as an integral part of sustainable construction materials, Xu and Shi identify for further research and development [17]. The discussion concludes that geopolymers and mineral admixtures work efficiently in the mitigation of AAR if they are used in an appropriate percentage; they not only reduce/ mitigate AAR but also significantly increase the mechanical properties of concrete [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on Durability of Concrete under Alkali-Aggregate Reaction

et al. 2022

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The alkali-aggregate reaction has always had a great impact on the safety and durability of concrete projects. Therefore, the study of concrete failure mechanism under alkali-aggregate reaction has become a hot topic in the engineering field. This paper takes the Longtanqing debris flow ditch concrete treatment project as the background. Based on the alkali-aggregate reaction inhibition test under different conditions, regression analysis and trend surface analysis were used to study the correlation between fly ash content, expansion rate of concrete specimens, and curing age. And the engineering measures are put forward to effectively inhibit the alkali-aggregate reaction: (1) the optimum amount of fly ash appears at 30%-40%, fly ash has the strongest ability to inhibit alkali-aggregate reaction; when the content of fly ash is less than 20%, the fly ash ability to inhibit alkali aggregate reaction is weak. (2) To lower the height of the alkali content of concrete, there is 35% of the grade I class F coal ash as concrete admixture.

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