The Mechanism of Co-Orientation in Bivalents and Multivalents

Östergren, Gunnar

doi:10.1111/j.1601-5223.1951.tb02891.x

Cited by 218 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In particular, the specific geometry of vertebrate kinetochores is an important contributor to the accuracy of mitotic chromosome segregation [32]. It has long been recognized that the back-to-back arrangement of sister kinetochores creates geometric constraints which favor sister kinetochore attachment to opposite spindle poles [33]. Little is known, however, about the stringency of these constraints and the exact role they play in mitosis.…”

Section: Literature Review Sectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms to Avoid and Correct Erroneous Kinetochore-Microtubule Attachments

Lampson

Grishchuk

2017

Biology

122

189

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In dividing vertebrate cells multiple microtubules must connect to mitotic kinetochores in a highly stereotypical manner, with each sister kinetochore forming microtubule attachments to only one spindle pole. The exact sequence of events by which this goal is achieved varies considerably from cell to cell because of the variable locations of kinetochores and spindle poles, and randomness of initial microtubule attachments. These chance encounters with the kinetochores nonetheless ultimately lead to the desired outcome with high fidelity and in a limited time frame, providing one of the most startling examples of biological self-organization. This chapter discusses mechanisms that contribute to accurate chromosome segregation by helping dividing cells to avoid and resolve improper microtubule attachments.

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Section: Literature Review Sectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms to Avoid and Correct Erroneous Kinetochore-Microtubule Attachments

Lampson

Grishchuk

2017

Biology

122

189

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“…At incorrectly attached kinetochores Aurora B phosphorylates Ndc80 preventing the stabilization of the attachment (Liu et al, 2009;Welburn et al, 2010). However, the structure of mitotic centromeres with the resulting geometry of sister kinetochores in a 'back-toback' configuration might also play an essential role in this process (Ostergren, 1951), because after end-on attachment of one kinetochore, the unattached sister is oriented to microtubules from the opposite pole. The extent to which kinetochore geometry contributes to amphitelic attachment and chromosome bi-orientation is still under debate (Dewar et al, 2004, Loncarek et al, 2007.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

POLO ensures chromosome bi-orientation by preventing and correcting erroneous chromosome–spindle attachments

Moutinho‐Santos

Conde

Sunkel

2012

Journal of Cell Science

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SummaryCorrect chromosome segregation during cell division requires bi-orientation at the mitotic spindle. Cells possess mechanisms to prevent and correct inappropriate chromosome attachment. Sister kinetochores assume a 'back-to-back' geometry on chromosomes that favors amphitelic orientation but the regulation of this process and molecular components are unknown. Abnormal chromosome-spindle interactions do occur but are corrected through the activity of Aurora B, which destabilizes erroneous attachments. Here, we address the role of Drosophila POLO in chromosome-spindle interactions and show that, unlike inhibition of its activity, depletion of the protein results in bipolar spindles with most chromosomes forming stable attachments with both sister kinetochores bound to microtubules from the same pole in a syntelic orientation. This is partly the result of impaired localization and activity of Aurora B but also of an altered centromere organization with abnormal distribution of centromeric proteins and shorter interkinetochore distances. Our results suggests that POLO is required to promote amphitelic attachment and chromosome bi-orientation by regulating both the activity of the correction mechanism and the architecture of the centromere.

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“…Mcclintock and Hill (1931) observed that the plants containing more univalents than trivalents produced fewer n+1 gamets due to irregular behaviour of univalents during meiosis. Ostergren (1951) suggested that orientation of univalents might determine whether they were included in polar groups of chromosomes at telophase-I or remained at equator as laggard. In the present grass pea tetrasomics, possibly, most of the univalents instead of lying as laggard at equatorial region moved to a particular pole.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytogenetic characterization of seven different primary tetrasomics in grass pea (Lathyrus sativusL.)

Talukdar

2008

Caryologia

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The Mechanism of Co-Orientation in Bivalents and Multivalents

Cited by 218 publications

References 23 publications

Mechanisms to Avoid and Correct Erroneous Kinetochore-Microtubule Attachments

Mechanisms to Avoid and Correct Erroneous Kinetochore-Microtubule Attachments

POLO ensures chromosome bi-orientation by preventing and correcting erroneous chromosome–spindle attachments

Cytogenetic characterization of seven different primary tetrasomics in grass pea (Lathyrus sativusL.)

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