The Mechanism of CO₂ Hydrate Formation by the Synergistic Effect of Kinetic Promoters

Abstract

CO 2 hydrate technology holds immense promise for advancing carbon neutrality through effective carbon capture. In this paper, different mass concentrations of fullerene C 60 and Sodium Lignosulfonate (SL), two potential kinetic hydrate promoters, were investigated. Operating at 3.5 MPa and 273.65 K, the investigation reveals intriguing findings. C 60 , as a nanoparticle, showed the best promotion effect at a low concentration (0.01 wt %), with a gas storage capacity of 50.63 V/V. SL, as a macromolecular material, was best promoted at a moderate concentration (0.1 wt %) with a gas storage capacity of 86.92 V/V. Notably, the combination of C 60 and SL demonstrated a powerful synergistic effect. The best combination was 0.01 wt % C 60 with 0.1 wt % SL experimental group. The induction time was significantly shortened to 60 min, and the gas storage capacity was enhanced to 110.80 V/V, which markedly enhanced the promotion effect. At the same time, the nature of the solution and the principles of its formation were explored, opening up new possibilities for the practical use of carbon capture.