The Mechanism of Ethylene Perception

Bleecker, Anthony B.; Schäller, G.

doi:10.1104/pp.111.3.653

Cited by 138 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The mechanism by which ethylene receptor homologs regulate ethylene sensitivity is not yet established. Two models for ethylene receptor action have been considered (reviewed by Bleecker and Schaller, 1996). In the first model, constitutive histidine kinase activity of the receptor in the absence of ligand suppresses downstream components of the signal transduction pathway via constitutive phosphorylation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The biological rationale for the multiplicity of LeETR genes is currently unknown. It is possible that functional redundancy may contribute to some of the complexity of the LeETR gene family, and may explain why no recessive mutations in ETR1 homologs have been cloned (Bleecker and Schaller, 1996). However, it is possible that individual hormone receptors maintain a distinct functional identity via the capacity to respond differentially to developmental and hormonal cues.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differential regulation of the tomato ETR gene family throughout plant development

1998

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SummaryEthylene perception in plants is co-ordinated by multiple hormone receptor candidates sharing sequence commonalties with prokaryotic environmental sensor proteins known as two-component regulators. Two tomato homologs of the Arabidopsis ethylene receptor ETR1 were cloned from a root cDNA library. Both cDNAs, termed LeETR1 and LeETR2, were highly homologous to ETR1, exhibiting~90% deduced amino acid sequence similarity and 80% deduced amino acid sequence identity. LeETR1 and LeETR2 contained all the major structural elements of two-component regulators, including the response regulator motif absent in LeETR3, the gene encoding tomato NEVER RIPE (NR). Using RNase protection analysis, the mRNAs of LeETR1, LeETR2 and NR were quantified in tissues engaged in key processes of the plant life cycle, including seed germination, shoot elongation, leaf and flower senescence, floral abscission, fruit set and fruit ripening. LeETR1 was expressed constitutively in all plant tissues examined. LeETR2 mRNA was expressed at low levels throughout the plant but was induced in imbibing tomato seeds prior to germination and was down-regulated in elongating seedlings and senescing leaf petioles. NR expression was developmentally regulated in floral ovaries and ripening fruit. Notably, hormonal regulation of NR was highly tissue-specific. Ethylene biosynthesis induced NR mRNA accumulation in ripening fruit but not in elongating seedlings or in senescing leaves or flowers. Furthermore, the abundance of mRNAs for all three LeETR genes remained uniform in multiple plant tissues experiencing marked changes in ethylene sensitivity, including the cell separation layer throughout tomato flower abscission.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential regulation of the tomato ETR gene family throughout plant development

1998

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“…The physiological responses to ethylene are complex, and not much is known about the mechanism of ethylene action (10). However, progress is being made in the understanding of the ethylene signal perception and transduction mainly on the basis of the isolation of ethylene-responsive mutants (11)(12)(13)(14). The identification of early ethylene-regulated genes is another strategy in gaining further understanding of the molecular mechanisms of ethylene action (15,16).…”

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confidence: 99%

An Early Ethylene Up-regulated Gene Encoding a Calmodulin-binding Protein Involved in Plant Senescence and Death

Yang

Poovaiah

2000

Journal of Biological Chemistry

139

107

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35S-Labeled calmodulin (CaM) was used to screen a tobacco anther cDNA library. A positive clone (NtER1) with high homology to an early ethylene-up-regulated gene (ER66) in tomato, and an Arabidopsis homolog was isolated and characterized. Based on the helical wheel projection, a 25-mer peptide corresponding to the predicted CaM-binding region of NtER1 (amino acids 796 -820) was synthesized. The gel-mobility shift assay showed that the peptide formed a stable complex with CaM only in the presence of Ca 2؉

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“…Coronatine Insensitive 1 (COI1) functions downstream JAR1 and acts as a target for degradation by E3 ubiquitin ligase Skp1, cullin, F-box proteins containing a complex (SCF complex) through the ubiquitin-26S proteosome in JA increased levels. The JA depending transcription factors are Ethylene Response Factor 1 (ERF1) and Related to Apetala 2.6 (RAP2.6), another member of ethylene response factors that expresses (Bleecker & Schaller 1996;Kunkel et al 2002;Broekaert et al 2006). Besides these main phytohormones involved in plant defence, others such as GA, BR, ABA, CK, and AUX have different roles in the plant-pathogen interactions.…”

Section: Phytohormones Involved In Plant-pathogen Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fusarium-plant interaction: state of the art - a review

Dinolfo¹,

Castañares²,

Stenglein³

2017

Plant Prot. Sci.

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Dinolfo M.I., Castañares E., Stenglein S.A. (2017): Fusarium-plant interaction: state of the art -a review. Plant Protect. Sci., 53: 61-70.One of the most important genera able to develop diseases in cereals is Fusarium which not only produces losses by the fungal presence but also mycotoxin production harmful to human and animal consumers. In the environment, plants are continuously threatened by abiotic and biotic stresses. Among the latter, pathogens gained importance mainly due to their ability to affect the plant fitness. To protect against potential attacks, plants have developed strategies in which phytohormones have an essential role. In plant-pathogen interactions, salicylic acid, ethylene, and jasmonates are the most important, but there are also auxins, gibberellins, abscisic acid, cytokinins, brassinosteroids, and peptide hormones involved in plant defence. The interaction between Fusarium species and plants used as models has been developed to allow understanding the plant behaviour against this kind of pathogen with the aim to develop several strategies to decrease the Fusarium disease effects.

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The Mechanism of Ethylene Perception

Cited by 138 publications

References 39 publications

Differential regulation of the tomato ETR gene family throughout plant development

Differential regulation of the tomato ETR gene family throughout plant development

An Early Ethylene Up-regulated Gene Encoding a Calmodulin-binding Protein Involved in Plant Senescence and Death

Fusarium-plant interaction: state of the art - a review

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