The mechanism of H2O in the superheated steam affecting the quality of in-situ pyrolysates of oil shale kerogen: Part B-favorable conversion of residues

Zhao, Fumin; Li, Bao; Che, Daochang; Liu, Shengyu

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2022.127146

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…In situ conversion process (ICP) Demonstration [19,20,28] Electrofrac TM Planned field experiment [20,29] Geothermic fuel cell (GFC) Laboratory simulation [20,30,31] High voltage-power frequency electric heating (HVF) Laboratory simulation [32,33] Convection CRUSH Abandon [20,34] CCR Abandon [34] In situ vapor extraction (IVE) Field experiment [20,35] MTI Planned field experiment [20,[36][37][38][39][40] Near-critical water (NCW) Field experiment [34,35,41] Energies 2023, 16, 4386 3 of 22…”

Section: Conductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…periment [20,[36][37][38][39][40] Near-critical water (NCW) Field experiment [34,35,41] Reaction Ture in situ (TIS) Abandon [20,42,43] Modified in situ (MIS) Abandon [20,42,43] Autothermic pyrolysis in situ conversion (ATS) Field experiment [18,44,45] Reaction heat of calcium oxide and water Thesis [46] Radiant Radio frequency and supercritical fluid (RF/CF) Laboratory simulation [20,47] Microwave Planned field experiment [20,47,48]…”

Section: Mtimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the energy consumption of heating organic-rich shale with high-temperature and high-pressure N 2 , CO 2 , and hydrocarbon gases is lower than that of water steam, primitive coal energy can be used to generate high-temperature and high-pressure water steam, and the cost of coal is much lower than the cost of electricity [36]. Meanwhile, in the process of heating with water steam, high-temperature water steam can provide hydrogen for kerogen cracking, which increases the output of oil and light components [39,40]. The feasibility experiment of MTI technology was completed in the laboratory [36], and a pilot test of in situ mining is planned to be carried out in Fukang, Xinjiang.…”

Section: In Situ Convection Heating Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the one hand, water consumes large amounts of heat energy during heating and vaporization due to its large specific heat capacity [20]. On the other hand, in the presence of water, kerogen in shale can not only undergo thermal cracking reactions, but also chemical reactions with high-temperature water in the gas or liquid phase due to the high temperature [39,76]. In hydrothermal cracking reactions, high-temperature water may participate in the reaction as a catalyst, reactant, and/or solvent.…”

Section: Influence Of Formation Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In hydrothermal cracking reactions, high-temperature water may participate in the reaction as a catalyst, reactant, and/or solvent. In addition, water can provide H + and OH − as reactants that can improve the oil and gas yield of organic-rich shale in situ conversion [39,71,76].…”

Section: Influence Of Formation Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Technical Scheme and Application Prospects of Oil Shale In Situ Conversion: A Review of Current Status

2023

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Petroleum was the most-consumed energy source in the world during the past century. With the continuous global consumption of conventional oil, shale oil is known as a new growth point in oil production capacity. However, medium–low mature shale oil needs to be exploited after in situ conversion due to the higher viscosity of oil and the lower permeability of shale. This paper summarizes previous studies on the process of kerogen cracking to generate oil and gas, and the development of micropore structures and fractures in organic-rich shale formations during in situ conversion. The results show that the temperature of kerogen cracking to generate oil and gas is generally 300–450 °C during the oil shale in situ conversion process (ICP). In addition, a large number of microscale pores and fractures are formed in oil shale formation, which forms a connecting channel and improves the permeability of the oil shale formation. In addition, the principles and the latest technical scheme of ICP, namely, conduction heating, convection heating, reaction-heat heating, and radiation heating, are introduced in detail. Meanwhile, this paper discusses the influence of the heating mode, formation conditions, the distribution pattern of wells, and catalysts on the energy consumption of ICP technology in the process of oil shale in situ conversion. Lastly, a fine description of the hydrocarbon generation process of the target formation, the development of new and efficient catalysts, and the support of carbon capture and storage in depleted organic-rich shale formations after in situ conversion are important for improving the future engineering efficiency of ICP.

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