THE MECHANISM OF OVIPOSITION IN STENOBRACON DEESAE (CAM.) (HYMENOPTERA: BRACONIDAE).¹

Abstract

Stenobrncon deesae (Cam.) is an important ectophagous larval parasite of the lepidopterous borers of sugarcane and maize in India. Cherian and Israel (1938) have worked out the biology of the parasite. A technique for the mass propagation of the parasite on a laboratory host has been recently developed in the Parasite Laboratory of the Indian Agricultural Research Institute (Narayanan and Venkatranian, 1952). The present paper deals with the structure of the ovipositor and the accessory organs and the process of oviposition in this braconid. TECHNIQUE.Specimens were killed in benzene vapour and the abdomen of the female was kept in 10 per cent. cold KOH solution for ten to twelve hours. The genitalia, after clearing, were mounted in balsam without staining. For a study of the musculature freshly killed specimens were used, and dissections were rr?ade in physiological salt solution under a binocular microscope, after cutting open the abdomen from the dorsal side. The material for section cutting was fixed in Kahle's fluid and sections were cut 6p thick. MECHANISM OF OVIPOSITION. Structure of the Ovipositor and Associated Parts.The terminology used by Snodgrass (1933) has been followed throughout the paper. The abdomen of the female Stenobracon contains nine functional segments. The post-genital segment is represented by the proctiger (fig. 1, Ptgr). The seventh, eighth and ninth segments are free and are articulated with the help of broad inter-segmental membranes.The ovipositor is longer than the body (Pl. I, fig. 3) and extends out from the abdomen between the proctiger and the seventh sternite ( fig. 1, Ovp.). The seventh sternite projects beneath the base of the ovipositor to form a large pIate called the subgenital plate ( fig.

Terebra steering in chalcidoid wasps

“…Bauchschuppe [HAO]; 7. Sternit [HAO]; 7th abdominal sternite [HAO]; 7th abdominal sternum [HAO]; 7th sternite [ 35 ]; 7th sternum [ 166 ]; Abdominal sternum 7 [HAO]; Abdominal sternum VII [HAO]; Hypopygium [HAO]; Letzte Bauchschuppe [HAO]; Metasomal sternum VI [HAO]; Plaque ventral [HAO]; Sternum abdominale septimum [HAO]; Sternum septimum [HAO]; Subgenital plate [ 28 , 166 ]; Subgenitalplatte [HAO] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HAO_0000044 Abdominal sternum 8 The abdominal sternum that is located on abdominal segment 8 8th abdominal sternite [HAO]; 8th abdominal sternum [HAO]; 8th sternite [ 35 ]; Abdominal sternite VIII [HAO]; Abdominal sternum VIII [HAO]; Genital plate [HAO]; Metasomal sternum VII [HAO]; Sternum abdominale octavum [HAO]; Sternum octavum [HAO] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HAO_0001531 Abdominal sternum 9 The abdominal sternum that is located on abdominal segment 9 9th abdominal sternite [HAO]; 9th abdominal sternum [HAO]; 9th sternal lobe [HAO]; 9th sternite [ 35 ]; Annular lamina [HAO]; Hypandrium [HAO]; Hypopygidium [HAO]; Hypopygium [HAO]; Hypotome [HAO]; Lamina subgenitalis [HAO]; Metasomal sternum 8 [HAO]; Metasomal sternum VIII [HAO]; Poculum [HAO]; Postgenital plate [HAO]; Sternum abdominale nonum [HAO]; Sternum nonum [HAO]; Subgenital plate [HAO] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HAO_0000047 Abdominal sternum 10 The abdominal sternum that is located on abdominal segment 10 10th sternite [ 35 ] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HAO_0001890 Abdominal tergum The tergum that is located in the abdomen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HAO_0001426 Abdominal tergum 7 The tergum that is located on abdominal segment 7 5th gastral tergite [HAO]; 6th metasomal tergite [HAO]; 7th abdominal tergite [HAO]; 7th abdominal tergum [HAO]; 7th tergite [ 35 ]; Abdominal tergum VII [HAO]; Metasomal tergum VI [HAO]; Pypigidium [HAO]; Tergum abdominale septimum [HAO]; Tergum septimum [HAO] htt...…”

“…Valvula [ 29 ]; Ramus of the 1st gonapophysis [ 150 ]; Ramus of the 1st valvula [ 28 , 168 ]; Stechborstenbogen [ 29 ] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HAO_0001579 Dorsal ramus of the 2nd valvula The area that extends along the dorsal margin of the 2nd valvula, bears the processus articularis anteriorly and the processus musculares on the antero-dorsal region and articulates with the 2nd valvifer via the basal articulation 2nd ramus [ 167 ]; Diverging arm of the ovipositor sheath [ 35 ]; Ramus der 2. Valvula [ 29 ]; Ramus of the 2nd gonapophysis [ 150 ]; Schienenbogen [ 29 , 155 ] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HAO_0002190 Dorsal sclerite of the 1st valvifer The sclerite of the 1st valvifer that is located dorsally of the transvalviferal conjunctiva http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HAO_0002163 Dorsal T8-T9 muscle The abdominal muscle that arises from the anteromedian margin of female T8 and inserts on the anteromedian margin of female T9 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HAO_0001571 Dorsal T9-2nd valvifer muscle (m-d-T9-2vf) The ovipositor muscle that arises along the posterodorsal part of the anterior margin of female T9 and inserts on the anterior section of the dorsal flanges of the 2nd valvifer Anterior tergal muscle [ 166 ]; Anterior tergogonocoxal muscle [ 33 , 34 ]; Dorsal/ventral (= part a/part b) anterior tergal muscle of the 2nd valvifer [ 28 ]; Extensor muscles of lancet [ 154 ]; Upper/lower (= part a/part b) protractor of gonapophysis 8 [ 153 ]; Upper/lower (= part a/part b) stylet protractor muscle [ 25 ] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HAO_0001569 …”

“… http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HAO_0000893 Reproductive system The anatomical system that is involved in reproduction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HAO_0000895 Rhachis (rh) The ridge that extends along the ventral surface of the 2nd valvula that is partially enclosed by the aulax Bead for attaching stylet to rod of sheath [ 35 ]; Leiste der Schienenrinne [ 155 ]; Rail [ 166 ]; Rail guides [ 81 ]; T-ridge of ventral valve [ 154 ]; Tongue [ 19 , 20 , 22 , 25 ] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HAO_0000898 Ridge The apodeme that is elongate Lamella [HAO]; Lamina [HAO] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HAO_0000899 Rim The carina that extends along the margin or edge of a sclerite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HAO_0000900 S7-1st valvula muscle The muscle that originates from the abdominal tergum 7 and inserts on the 1st valvula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HAO_0001668 Sawtooth (st1/st2) The process that is located along the ventral margin of the 1st valvula or the dorsal margin of the 2nd valvula Barb, barbs [ 35 , 165 ]; Cutting teeth [ 20 ]; Sägezähnchen [ 29 , 155 ]; Serrula [ 157 ]; Sheath teeth [ 17 ]; Teeth [ 19 – …”

Review of Venoms of Non-Polydnavirus Carrying Ichneumonoid Wasps

“…The VGs may open directly into the reservoir, either apically or medioposteriorly (most Ichneumonidae), or open at the extreme posterior end of the reservoir ( Figure 2 C,D) or in some braconines, into a small, separate swelling between the reservoir and primary venom duct ( Figure 2 E). Members of both the Braconinae and Doryctinae (and some other related cyclostome braconids) additionally have many smaller glands opening into the primary venom duct [ 67 , 68 ] but the role of their products is completely unstudied. Another potentially important morphological feature is that in many Rogadinae (koinobiont endoparasitoids but of potentially recent evolutionary origin [ 69 ]) have a structure comprising a distally directed comb of cuticular projections at the posterior end of the venom reservoir where it joins the primary oviduct [ 63 ].…”

Ovipositor of the braconid wasp Habrobracon hebetor: structural and functional aspects

“…The musculoskeletal ovipositor system and the actuation mechanisms of ichneumonoid wasps have been described recently in the ichneumonid Venturia canescens (Gravenhorst, 1829) (Eggs et al 2018) and the braconid Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Ashmead, 1905) (van Meer et al 2020, respectively. Furthermore, drawings of the braconid ovipositor including all inherent cuticular elements exist for Atanycolus rugosiventris (Ashmead, 1889) (Snodgrass 1933), Apanteles congestus (Nees, 1834) (Oeser 1961), and Stenobracon deesae (Cameron, 1902) (Alam 1953;Venkatraman and Subba Rao 1954).…”