The Mechanism of Radiation Hemolysis in Human Erythrocytes

Kollmann, George; Shapiro, Barry A.; Martin, David W.

doi:10.2307/3572694

Cited by 48 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…It was quite possible that the free radicals, particularly · OH, apart from inducing the cross-linking in the membranes had oxidised the sulphydryl groups [9,29]. The oxidation of sulphydryl groups could lead to the leakage of K + ions and accumulation of Na + ions, resulting in the development of transmembrane potential, causing the rupture of the erythrocyte membrane [6,29,30]. 7 Li and 16 O ions might have induced, through the free radical processes, the sequence of events from the oxidation of sulphydryl groups to the development of the transmembrane potential leading to the lysis of erythrocytes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A good correlation has been observed between membrane damage and the loss of colony-forming ability in cells, the breakdown of the nuclear membrane and chromosomal condensation and damage to the organization of mitotic spindles, interphase death in nonproliferating cells, and the disorganization of membrane systems [5]. Although cellular membranes are vital elements and their integrity is essential for the viability of the cells, very little information is available about the effects of high-LET radiation on them [6]. Unlike the DNA molecule, which is a critical target with a very small cross-section (3.1 ×10 -6 µm 2 ), the cell membrane has a large geometrical cross-section (the diameter of erythrocytes is 7 µm and microsomes about 0.3 µm).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effect of high linear energy transfer radiation on biological membranes

Choudhary

Srivastava

Sarma

et al. 1998

Radiation and Environmental Biophysics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cellular membranes are vital elements, and their integrity is extremely essential for the viability of the cells. We studied the effects of high linear energy transfer (LET) radiation on the membranes. Rabbit erythrocytes (1 x 10(7) cells/ml) and microsomes (0.6 mg protein/ml) prepared from liver of rats were irradiated with 7Li ions of energy 6.42 MeV/u and 16O ions of energy 4.25 MeV/u having maximum LET values of 354 keV/microm and 1130 keV/microm, respectively. 7Li- and 16O-induced microsomal lipid peroxidation was found to increase with fluence. The 16O ions were more effective than 7Li ions, which could be due to the denser energy distribution in the track and the yield of free radicals. These findings suggested that the biological membranes could be peroxidized on exposure to high-LET radiation. Inhibition of the lipid peroxidation was observed in the presence of a membrane-active drug, chlorpromazine (CPZ), which could be due to scavenging of free radicals (mainly HO* and ROO*), electron donation, and hydrogen transfer reactions. The 7Li and 16O ions also induced hemolysis in erythrocytes. The extent of hemolysis was found to be a function of time and fluence, and showed a characteristic sigmoidal pattern. The 16O ions were more effective in the lower fluence range than 7Li ions. These results were compared with lipid peroxidation and hemolysis induced by gamma-radiation.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of high linear energy transfer radiation on biological membranes

Choudhary

Srivastava

Sarma

et al. 1998

Radiation and Environmental Biophysics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This role can be performed by the pool of anti-oxidants such as ct-tocopherol, reduced glutathione and ascorbic acid (17,18,19).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of dose‐rate and dose fractionation on radiation‐induced hemolysis of human erythrocytes

1999

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SummaryHuman erythrocytes suspended in an isotonic Na-phosphate buffer, pH 7.4 (hematocfit 2 %) were exposed under air to gamma radiation at a dose rates of 2.2 kCry-h "l and 4.2 kGy.h "1. The dose-response curves for hemolysis of erythrocytes indicated that the process of hemolysis is inversely related to the dose-rate. At both dose-rates we observed a reduced level of hemolysis, when erythrocytes were irradiated with a split dose (0.4 kGy + 2.3 kGy with an interval time between the subsequent exposures from 1 to 4 h) in comparison with the same single dose (2.7 kGy). The maximal effect of fractionation was observed when the interfraction time was equal to 3.5 h. The influence of the interfraction temperature on this effect was observed. The results obtained indicate that enucleated human erythrocytes under suitable radiation conditions are capable of repairing radiation damage which leads to hemolysis.

show abstract

“…Haemolysis is the process of pore forming in the erythrocyte membrane which allows to release haemoglobin into the external medium of the cells. Radiation studies performed with X rays suggested that radiation induced haemolysis is an osmotic haemolysis, due to the partial destruction of the membrane permeability [6]. In our work, the modifications of the erythrocyte membranes properties were estimated by measuring the haemolysis induced by radiation in the samples and the haemolysis induced experimentally by osmotic stress on the irradiated erythrocytes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of microwaves, high energy electrons and gamma irradiation on the osmotic resistance of human erythrocyte membranes

et al. 1999

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The effects of 5 MeV electrons and of gamma irradiation at 0 ~ as well as the effects of 2.45 GHz microwaves at -196 ~ on the osmotic resistance of human erythrocyte membranes are presented. Both electron and gamma radiation in the range 0-400 Gy induced no haemolysis, indicating that the membrane modifications due to radiation interaction do not reach a critical point to cause swelling of the cells and consequent lysis. The microwave irradiated erythrocytes showed a haemolysis degree between 6-16% in the irradiation time range of 0-5 min. The osmotic stress experiments performed after irradiation showed that the gamma irradiated erythrocytes exhibited an almost similar behaviour at all irradiation doses whereas the electron irradiated samples showed a much larger increase in the haemolysis degree, and in the case of a certain electron dose (100 Gy), the haemolysis was found much smaller than for the control sample. A similar behaviour of the erythrocytes was found in the case of microwave irradiation of the cryoprotected erythrocytes at -196~ the sample irradiated for 6 min developed a haemolysis degree much smaller than for the control (70% from the nonirradiated sample haemolysis). Our experimental data suggest that electron radiation and gamma radiation have different impacts on the erythrocyte haemolysis in the dose range used. Much more experimental data is necessary in order to clarify the similarity between the results obtained in the case of electron irradiation at 0 ~ and microwave irradiation at -196 ~ in the two different sets of irradiation conditions (liquid samples at 0 ~ and frozen samples at -196 ~ IntroductionThe impact of high energy electrons on the biological systems is very rarely treated in the published literature [5]. The aim of this paper is to study the differences in the impacts of 5 MeV electrons and gamma radiation, at 0 ~ as well as the effects of 2.45 GHz microwaves at -196 ~ on the osmotic properties of human erythrocyte membranes. The relative rate ofhaemolysis is a well known parameter accounting for the osmotic properties of the erythrocyte membranes [2]. Haemolysis is the process of pore forming in the erythrocyte membrane which allows to release haemoglobin into the external medium of the cells. Radiation studies performed with X rays suggested that radiation induced haemolysis is an osmotic haemolysis, due to the partial destruction of the membrane permeability [6]. In our work, the modifications of the erythrocyte membranes properties were estimated by measuring the haemolysis induced by radiation in the samples and the haemolysis induced experimentally by osmotic stress on the irradiated erythrocytes.

show abstract

The Mechanism of Radiation Hemolysis in Human Erythrocytes

Cited by 48 publications

References 10 publications

Effect of high linear energy transfer radiation on biological membranes

Effect of high linear energy transfer radiation on biological membranes

Effect of dose‐rate and dose fractionation on radiation‐induced hemolysis of human erythrocytes

Effect of microwaves, high energy electrons and gamma irradiation on the osmotic resistance of human erythrocyte membranes

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About