The Mechanism of the Dendritic Electrocrystallization of Zinc

Abstract

Measurements have been made of the growth rate of zinc dendrites in alkaline zincate solutions as a function of overpotential (n), concentration (c), and temperature (T). The tip radii have been measured by electron microscopy. At constant potential, an initiation time of between 5 and 100 rain is observed, depending on ~, c, and T. The dendrite grows linearly with time, at a rate depending on n, c, and T. The total current to base and dendrite was independent of time until a time T~, where ~ > Ta (the time for initiation obtained from the growth rate vs. time relation). Thereafter, i ~ t 2. A critical

Lithium Dendrite Inhibition on Post-Charge Anode Surface: The Kinetics Role

“…It has been found that cycling at higher temperatures (from -500C up to 40oC) can, on average, cause more frequent short-circuiting events up to a factor of 2 [24]. Other results show that the increasing cell temperature enhances the ionic mobilities in favor of dendritic inception and growth [25]. [5,26] reported that the higher temperatures extends ion depletion layer length which is in agreement with temperature dependence of reaction rates [6].…”

Electrocrystallization of zinc on copper single crystal planes under the influence of an asymmetric alternating current

“…According to the model proposed by Diggle ef al. [21], the dendrites originate from the tips of pyramids arising as a result of the rotation of a screw dislocation, but according to the observations of Mansfeld and Gilman [22], dendrites grow instantly between pyramids. However, our observations of zinc dendrites on the copper (1 1 1) plane during deposition under the influence of superimposed a.c. clearly show that screw dislocations are the source of dendrites (cf.…”

Studies on the development of mossy zinc electrodeposits from flowing alkaline electrolytes

“…Since nucleation 1s unnecessary on these sites, they are an important source of boulder growths, which can grow into either dendrites or striations (if flow is present). The protrusions cover the surface and form terraced growth pyramids, which are epitax:ially aligned with the substrate (87).…”

“…Under mass transport limited conditions, the rotation of a screw dislocation results in the formation of dendrites (87). The screw dislocation forms a protrusion, grows under mass transport control until it reaches a critical radius of curvature, and then shoots up quickly under activation control.…”