The mechanism of the nucleation effect of solid particles in crystallizing polymers

Kargin, V.A.; Sogolova, T.I.; Shaposhnikova, T.K.

doi:10.1016/0032-3950(65)90076-6

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…It can be seen that the crystallization temperature of both PE types, determined as the temperature position of the peak, is the highest for sample M1, indicating faster crystallization due to the presence of impurities, as suggested by the FTIR analysis. Solid particles may act as a nucleating agent, increasing the crystallization rate [ 64 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wastes from Agricultural Silage Film Recycling Line as a Potential Polymer Materials

et al. 2021

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The recycling of plastics is currently one of the most significant industrial challenges. Due to the enormous amounts of plastic wastes generated by various industry branches, it is essential to look for potential methods for their utilization. In the presented work, we investigated the recycling potential of wastes originated from the agricultural films recycling line. Their structure and properties were analyzed, and they were modified with 2.5 wt % of commercially available compatibilizers. The mechanical and thermal performance of modified wastes were evaluated by tensile tests, thermogravimetric analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry. It was found that incorporation of such a small amount of modifiers may overcome the drawbacks caused by the presence of impurities. The incorporation of maleic anhydride-grafted compounds enhanced the tensile strength of wastes by 13–25%. The use of more ductile compatibilizers—ethylene-vinyl acetate and paraffin increased the elongation at break by 55–64%. The presence of compatibilizers also reduced the stiffness of materials resulting from the presence of solid particles. It was particularly emphasized for styrene-ethylene-butadiene-styrene and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, which caused up to a 20% drop of Young’s modulus. Such effects may facilitate the further applications of analyzed wastes, e.g., in polymer film production. Thermal performance was only slightly affected by compatibilization. It caused a slight reduction in polyethylene melting temperatures (up to 2.8 °C) and crystallinity degree (up to 16%). For more contaminated materials, the addition of compatibilizers caused a minor reduction in the decomposition onset (up to 6 °C). At the same time, for the waste after three washing cycles, thermal stability was improved. Moreover, depending on the desired properties and application, materials do not have to go through the whole recycling line, simplifying the process, reducing energy and water consumption. The presented results indicate that it is possible to efficiently use the materials, which do not have to undergo the whole recycling process. Despite the presence of impurities, they could be applied in the manufacturing of products which do not require exceptional mechanical performance.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wastes from Agricultural Silage Film Recycling Line as a Potential Polymer Materials

et al. 2021

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“…Clearly, the T c was higher for composites, which could be attributed to the nucleating ability of fillers [38]. Nevertheless, photo-oxidative aging caused its drop for composites instead.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Enhanced aging resistance of poly(ε-caprolactone)/brewers’ spent grain composites

Hejna

Formela

Barczewski

et al. 2022

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The presented paper investigated the influence of brewers’ spent grain (BSG) extrusionparameters on the photo-oxidative resistance of poly(ε-caprolactone)-based wood polymer composites.Filler samples characterized by the higher melanoidin content were more efficient in hindering of polymerdegradation, inhibiting the decomposition of the polymer amorphous phase. As a result, deteriorationof mechanical performance was limited, which was expressed by the higher values of aging factorfor samples containing BSG extruded at higher temperatures.

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“…On the other hand, the application of blowing agents significantly increased the crystallization temperature (T c ) of PP from its initial value of 115.5 °C to 123.1–126.4 °C, depending on the modifier. This effect indicates that crystallization commences more quickly after the addition of blowing agents, suggesting nucleating activity [ 81 ]. Therefore, it can be concluded that the generation of pores inside the material accelerates the crystallization of polypropylene, but the presence of pores significantly affects the size of the generated spherulites [ 82 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It can be seen that the main changes can be noted in the case of the T c of polypropylene, which was significantly affected by the addition of blowing agents. Incorporating PUR foam caused a reversion of the effect induced by the blowing agents, indicating the impeded crystallization of the PP macromolecules [ 81 ]. This effect was most pronounced in the case of the UNI blowing agent.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

One More Step towards a Circular Economy for Thermal Insulation Materials—Development of Composites Highly Filled with Waste Polyurethane (PU) Foam for Potential Use in the Building Industry

et al. 2023

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The rapid development of the building sector has created increased demand for novel materials and technologies, while on the other hand resulting in the generation of a severe amount of waste materials. Among these are polyurethane (PU) foams, which are commonly applied as thermal insulation materials. Their management is a serious industrial problem, due to, for example, their complex chemical composition. Although some chemical and thermochemical methods of PU foam recycling are known, their broader use is limited due to requirements related to the complexity and safety of their installation, thus implicating high costs. Therefore, material recycling poses a promising alternative. The incorporation of waste PU foams as fillers for polymer composites could make it possible to take advantage of their structure and performance. Herein, polypropylene-based composites that were highly filled with waste PU foam and modified using foaming agents were prepared and analyzed. Depending on the foam loading and the foaming agent applied, the apparent density of material was reduced by as much as 68%. The efficient development of a porous structure, confirmed by scanning electron microscopy and high-resolution computed micro-tomography, enabled a 64% decrease in the thermal conductivity coefficient. The foaming of the structure affected the mechanical performance of composites, resulting in a deterioration of their tensile and compressive performance. Therefore, developing samples of the analyzed composites with the desired performance would require identifying the proper balance between mechanical strength and economic, as well as ecological (share of waste material in composite, apparent density of material), considerations.

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The mechanism of the nucleation effect of solid particles in crystallizing polymers

Cited by 13 publications

References 0 publications

Wastes from Agricultural Silage Film Recycling Line as a Potential Polymer Materials

Wastes from Agricultural Silage Film Recycling Line as a Potential Polymer Materials

Enhanced aging resistance of poly(ε-caprolactone)/brewers’ spent grain composites

One More Step towards a Circular Economy for Thermal Insulation Materials—Development of Composites Highly Filled with Waste Polyurethane (PU) Foam for Potential Use in the Building Industry

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