The Mechanisms of Defense

Freud, Anna

doi:10.4324/9780429481550-4

Cited by 93 publications

(117 citation statements)

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“…Through such projects of "understanding" À such as language-production, artistic creation, reading, thinking and relating, scientific invention, and being with oneself and the world À Loewald also theorizes sublimation "not [as] a form of defense … against instinctual life, the id, desire, passion, the unconscious," but instead, as "a reconciliation of the subject-object dichotomy" (p. 33), involving an ambiguous "atonement for the polarization between object world and self" (p. 20). In thinking about it as something definitively other than ego defense, Loewald counters the claims of such theorists as Anna Freud (1966), who explicitly categorizes sublimation as a strictly normative project, and as one of the ego's "methods of defense," albeit one "which pertains rather to the study of the normal than to that of neurosis" (p. 44).…”

Section: Loewald: Sublimation As Reconciliationmentioning

confidence: 90%

Comics and the structure of childhood feeling: Sublimation and the play of pretending in Gilbert Hernandez'sMarble Season

Lewkowich

2016

Curriculum Inquiry

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Section: Loewald: Sublimation As Reconciliationmentioning

confidence: 90%

Comics and the structure of childhood feeling: Sublimation and the play of pretending in Gilbert Hernandez'sMarble Season

Lewkowich

2016

Curriculum Inquiry

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“…Frank Summer () believes that this emanates from the country's grandiose image as the strongest, most powerful military force ever assembled. In my opinion, the counter‐culture's idolization of Whitman also functions as an identification with the aggressor (Ferrell, ; Freud, 1936/), a passive‐to‐active defense against underlying feelings of helplessness and vulnerability.…”

Section: Institutional Denial and Failure To Mournmentioning

confidence: 99%

From the Tower shootings in 1966 to Campus Carry in 2016: Collective trauma at the University of Texas at Austin

Ponder

2018

Appl Psychoanal Studies

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The first mass school shooting in the modern history of the United States occurred at the University of Texas at Austin on August 1, 1966. A 25‐year‐old student, Charles Whitman, went on a rampage that ultimately left 16 dead and 31 injured. With no prior models for how to respond, public discourse about the tragedy was squelched. Fifty years lapsed before a proper permanent memorial was dedicated – the same day that the Campus Carry gun law went into effect. This article explores the tragedy and its aftermath through the lens of history, rhetoric, sociology, and psychoanalysis. The silence and disavowal after the killings, the perception that Austin lost its innocence, feelings of helplessness and shame, more permissive gun laws, and even the counter‐culture's glorification of Whitman were symptomatic of collective trauma. In the years since the massacre, we learned that collective trauma requires witnessing, discourse, and memorialization for healing to occur.

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“…It is worth noting here that the underlying self-serving motivation was not given enough weight before, and it was not paid due attention in previous researches on defensive altruism (Bowins, 2004;A. Freud, 1937;Seelig & Rosof, 2001;Vaillant, 1977Vaillant, , 2000.…”

Section: Defensive Altruismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Probably for the reason that altruism on the whole is so highly regarded, until recently, there was little scientific research on pathological altruism. Among those who did study it, Anna Freud (1937) used the term altruistic surrender to describe individuals who are unable to experience pleasure from the fulfillment of their own instinctual desire, yet can experience enormous pleasure from helping others fulfill the same desire. In 1984, McWilliams coined the term pathological altruism in a psychoanalytic paper on altruism.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

From Defensive Altruism to Pathological Altruism

Sun¹

2018

Sage Open

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Altruism is an individual's caring concern and act for the well-being of others. Its benefits to others and society are undeniably enormous. Naturally, most people have regarded altruism as highly virtuous, and the warmest praise of altruism is often seen in society.However, altruism does not always lead to positive outcomes. Altruism can also become distorted and take a form that is abnormal, unhealthy, or pathological. When altruism becomes pathological and causes people to display deleterious altruistic behaviors, the result is often unpleasant, even disastrous at times (Oakley, 2013). In view of that, Oakley, Knafo, and McGrath (2011) have put forth a definition of pathological altruist as follows:A person who sincerely engages in what he or she intends to be altruistic acts, but who harms the very person or group he or she is trying to help, often in unanticipated fashion; or harms others; or irrationally becomes a victim of his or her own altruistic actions.

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The Mechanisms of Defense

Cited by 93 publications

References 0 publications

Comics and the structure of childhood feeling: Sublimation and the play of pretending in Gilbert Hernandez'sMarble Season

Comics and the structure of childhood feeling: Sublimation and the play of pretending in Gilbert Hernandez'sMarble Season

From the Tower shootings in 1966 to Campus Carry in 2016: Collective trauma at the University of Texas at Austin

From Defensive Altruism to Pathological Altruism

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