The mediating effects of gestational diabetes on fetal growth and adiposity in women who are overweight and obese: secondary analysis of the <scp>LIMIT</scp> randomised trial

Poprzeczny, Amanda J.; Louise, Jennie; Deussen, Andrea R; Dodd, Jodie M

doi:10.1111/1471-0528.15288

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The possible limitation is that the GDM group had a higher BMI than the NGT group. Neonates of obese women are significantly heavier than those of normal weight women 26–28 because of increased fat mass, but not lean mass 29 . Maternal pre‐pregnancy BMI could have affected the difference in AVol between the two groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in fetal fractional limb volume changes in normal and gestational diabetic pregnancies: an exploratory observational study

Akiba

Ikenoue

Endo

et al. 2020

BJOG

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Objective Fetal fractional limb volume has been proposed as a useful measure for quantifying fetal soft tissue development. The aim of this study was to investigate the growth of fractional arm volume (AVol) and fractional thigh volume (TVol) of fetuses with maternal gestational diabetes (GDM) compared with those of fetuses with normal glucose tolerance (NGT). We hypothesised fetal fractional limb volume would be larger in the GDM group than in the NGT group in late gestation. Design Exploratory observational study. Setting Saitama Municipal Hospital. Sample A total of 165 (125 NGT and 40 GDM) singleton Japanese pregnant women. Methods AVol and TVol were assessed between 20 and 37 weeks' gestation as cylindrical limb volumes based on 50% of the fetal humeral or femoral diaphysis length. Women were diagnosed as GDM based on the criteria of the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Main outcome measures AVol and TVol were compared between women with NGT and those with GDM at each gestational age period (2-week intervals from 20 to 37 weeks' gestation). Results Overall, 287 ultrasound scans were performed (NGT group, 205 scans; GDM group, 82 scans). There was no significant difference of AVol between the groups before 32 weeks' gestation. AVol was significantly larger in the GDM group than in the NGT group after 32 weeks' gestation (P < 0.05). TVol was not statistically different between the groups across gestation. Conclusions Detection of variations in fetal AVol may provide greater insight into understanding the origins of altered fetal body proportion in GDM.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in fetal fractional limb volume changes in normal and gestational diabetic pregnancies: an exploratory observational study

Akiba

Ikenoue

Endo

et al. 2020

BJOG

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“…For example, maternal prepregnancy and pregnancy BMI are associated with greater fetal head circumference, as an estimate of total brain volume, 17 across pregnancy in women with obesity, compared with women with weight within reference range. 18 , 19 Additionally, neonates of mothers with overweight or obesity compared with those of mothers with weight in reference range, have been reported to have altered (decreased or increased) MRI-based functional connectivity measures across multiple brain regions. 20 , 21 While these findings can be largely attributed to prenatal rather than postnatal exposures, further prospective longitudinal studies of the developing human brain are needed from fetal through early postnatal development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Maternal Prepregnancy Body Mass Index With Fetal Growth and Neonatal Thalamic Brain Connectivity Among Adolescent and Young Women

Spann

Scheinost

Feng³

et al. 2020

JAMA Netw Open

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Key Points Question Is maternal prepregnancy body mass index among adolescent and young women associated with fetal growth and neonatal functional connectivity? Findings In this cohort study that included 129 pregnant adolescent and young adult women, maternal prepregnancy body mass index had a significant positive association with the slope of estimated fetal weight and with greater local thalamic and lower frontothalamic connectivity. Meaning These findings suggest that maternal prepregnancy body mass index was associated with the regulation of body weight and functional connectivity of the thalamus in newborn infants.

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“…Fetal subcutaneous tissue fat thickness measurements were obtained at both research ultrasounds. These measurements included mid thigh lean mass (MTLM), mid thigh fat mass (MTFM), abdominal fat mass (AFM), and subscapular fat mass (SSFM), and were obtained by methods described previously [29][30][31][32][33][34]. Mid thigh total, lean and fat mass were obtained by taking a longitudinal view of the femur, then rotating the transducer through 90 degrees to obtain a cross-sectional view of the midthigh [30,31].…”

Section: Fetal Adiposity Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of metformin in addition to an antenatal diet and lifestyle intervention on fetal growth and adiposity: the GRoW randomised trial

et al. 2020

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Background The infants born to women who are overweight or obese in pregnancy are at an increased risk of being born macrosomic or large for gestational age. Antenatal dietary and lifestyle interventions have been shown to be ineffective at reducing this risk. Our aim was to examine the effects of metformin in addition to a diet and lifestyle intervention on fetal growth and adiposity among women with a BMI above the healthy range. Methods Women who had a body mass index ≥25 kg/m2 in early pregnancy, and a singleton gestation, were enrolled in the GRoW trial from three public maternity hospitals in metropolitan Adelaide. Women were invited to have a research ultrasounds at 28 and 36 weeks’ gestation at which ultrasound measures of fetal biometry and adiposity were obtained. Fetal biometry z-scores and trajectories were calculated. Measurements and calculations were compared between treatment groups. This secondary analysis was pre-specified. Results Ultrasound data from 511 women were included in this analysis. The difference in femur length at 36 weeks’ gestation was (0.07 cm, 95% CI 0.01–0.14 cm, p = 0.019) and this was was statistically significant, however the magnitude of effect was small. Differences between treatment groups for all other fetal biometry measures, z-scores, estimated fetal weight, and adiposity measures at 28 and 36 weeks’ gestation were similar. Conclusions The addition of metformin to dietary and lifestyle advice in pregnancy for overweight and obese women has no clinically relevant effect on ultrasound measures of fetal biometry or adiposity. Trial registration Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12612001277831).

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The mediating effects of gestational diabetes on fetal growth and adiposity in women who are overweight and obese: secondary analysis of the LIMIT randomised trial

Abstract: Increased fetal growth associated with maternal obesity is not mediated by gestational diabetes.

Cited by 21 publications

References 49 publications

Differences in fetal fractional limb volume changes in normal and gestational diabetic pregnancies: an exploratory observational study

Differences in fetal fractional limb volume changes in normal and gestational diabetic pregnancies: an exploratory observational study

Association of Maternal Prepregnancy Body Mass Index With Fetal Growth and Neonatal Thalamic Brain Connectivity Among Adolescent and Young Women

Effect of metformin in addition to an antenatal diet and lifestyle intervention on fetal growth and adiposity: the GRoW randomised trial

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