This study investigated the relationships between psychological capital (PsyCap), academic procrastination, and academic adjustment, comparing mothers in higher education to non-mothers. We hypothesized academic procrastination would mediate the relationship between PsyCap and academic adjustment in both groups. Utilizing a sample of 216 students (156 mothers, 60 non-mothers) from various higher education institutions in Israel, we employed a cross-sectional design to analyze the interrelationships among PsyCap, academic procrastination, and academic adjustment. The findings showed significant positive correlations between PsyCap and academic adjustment, and significant negative correlations between PsyCap and procrastination, for both mothers and non-mothers. There were no significant differences in PsyCap, academic adjustment, and procrastination for mothers and non-mothers. The mediation analysis confirmed procrastination mediated the relationship between PsyCap and academic adjustment in both groups. These results suggest higher PsyCap is associated with lower levels of procrastination and better academic adjustment. The study underscores the importance of fostering PsyCap and providing robust social support systems to improve academic outcomes for all students, particularly mothers.