“…2.1 Industry 4.0 Industry 4.0 has been described as information technology driven changes in manufacturing systems (Lasi et al, 2014). It can be understood as an integration between information and communication technologies (ICT) and manufacturing processes, therefore, ICT and technologies of manufacturing are regarded as two pillars of Industry 4.0 (Alshawabkeh et al, 2022;Tariq et al, 2022;Alolayyan et al, 2022;Dalenogare et al, 2018). A key theme of Industry 4.0 is a cyber-physical production system, which is based on knowledge integration to achieve agility in production systems (Sony & Naik, 2019).There are many technologies of Industry 4.0 such as Internet of Things (IoT), big data, artificial intelligence, additive manufacturing (Ertz et al, 2022;Khalayleh & Al-Hawary, 2022;AL-Zyadat et al, 2022), enterprise resource planning (ERP), social product development, radio frequency identification (RFID), and cloud-based manufacturing (Mohammad et al, 2022;Al-Abbadi et al, 2022;Sony & Naik, 2019).…”