The medical use of cannabis for reducing morbidity and mortality in patients with HIV/AIDS

Lutge, Elizabeth; Gray, Andy; Siegfried, Nandi

doi:10.1002/14651858.cd005175.pub3

Cited by 84 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…It is unclear from our data if marijuana use actually provided a neuroprotective effect or if it too showed confounding from other factors. Further studies are warranted to investigate this potential therapeutic role in the HIV-infected population 51 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurocognitive Dysfunction in HIV-Infected Youth: Investigating the Relationship with Immune Activation

et al. 2016

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Background HIV-infected individuals are at increased risk of neurocognitive impairment compared to the general population. Studies suggest that, despite combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), HIV infection causes immune activation which results in neural damage; however, few data exist in HIV-infected youth. Methods HIV-infected youth 8–26 years old on cART with virologic suppression were prospectively enrolled along with healthy controls. Neurocognitive performance was assessed by age-appropriate Wechsler Intelligence Scales. Soluble and cellular markers of T-lymphocyte and monocyte activation were measured by ELISA and flow cytometry, respectively. Results 45 HIV-infected subjects and 21 controls were enrolled. Markers of T-cell and monocyte activation were higher in the HIV-infected subjects compared to controls, but proportions of inflammatory and patrolling monocytes were similar. Although there was no significant differences in neurocognitive scores between the HIV-infected and control groups, scores were low-average for 4 of 5 testing domains for the HIV-infected subjects and average for all 5 in the controls, and % of HIV-infected subjects with scores classified as “low average” or below was higher than in the controls. Variables most associated with neurocognitive performance among HIV-infected subjects included activated CD4+ T-cells (% CD4+CD38+HLA-DR), monocyte activation (soluble CD14), HIV duration, age and sex. Conclusions HIV-infected youth on cART with virologic suppression show subtle evidence of neurocognitive impairment compared to healthy controls, and increased immune activation appears to play a role. Additional studies are needed to develop strategic interventions beyond cART to potentially improve neurocognitive performance and/or minimize further impairment in this vulnerable population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurocognitive Dysfunction in HIV-Infected Youth: Investigating the Relationship with Immune Activation

et al. 2016

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“…61 However, there is no long-term or rigorous evidence of a sustained effect of cannabis on AIDS-related morbidity and mortality, with an acceptable safety profile, that would justify its incorporation into current clinical practice for patients who are receiving effective antiretroviral therapy. 62 Data from the few studies that have explored the potential therapeutic value of cannabinoids for this patient population are inconclusive. 62 …”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…62 Data from the few studies that have explored the potential therapeutic value of cannabinoids for this patient population are inconclusive. 62 …”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Adverse Health Effects of Marijuana Use

et al. 2014

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“…A Cochrane review found that the seven studies included in the review suffered from bias and small sample size and lacked longitudinal data, limiting the extent to which conclusions could be drawn. [17] The evidence is stronger regarding the positive effect of cannabinoids in treating chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in cancer patients. [16,18] Human studies suggest efficacy of cannabinoids in the management of chemically induced nausea and vomiting, but further research aimed at developing new endocannabinoid-based antinausea and antiemetic therapies is still warranted.…”

Section: Quality Of the Evidence Supporting Medical Use Of Cannabismentioning

confidence: 99%

Legalising medical use of cannabis in South Africa: Is the empirical evidence sufficient to support policy shifts in this direction?

Parry

Myers

2014

S Afr Med J

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The medical use of cannabis for reducing morbidity and mortality in patients with HIV/AIDS

Cited by 84 publications

References 22 publications

Neurocognitive Dysfunction in HIV-Infected Youth: Investigating the Relationship with Immune Activation

Neurocognitive Dysfunction in HIV-Infected Youth: Investigating the Relationship with Immune Activation

Adverse Health Effects of Marijuana Use

Legalising medical use of cannabis in South Africa: Is the empirical evidence sufficient to support policy shifts in this direction?

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