The megakaryocyte platelet system and vascular disease

Brown, Alasdair; Martin, John F.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2362.1994.tb02419.x

Cited by 45 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 109 publications

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“…We wish ' to comment on fundamental concepts that have arisen in recent years. Our results support the concept of &dquo;hyperactive prethrombotic platelets&dquo; (30,31) and support the superb hypothesis of the role of the megakaryocyte in controlling platelet function (7,32).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Common Thrombotic Disorders Defined by CBC Platelet Parameters

Willans¹,

Mill²,

Ranney³

1995

Clin Appl Thromb Hemost

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The Coulter STKS mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), and hematocrit (HCT) are assessed in thrombotic diseases. Complete blood counts (CBCs) were studied retrospectively in 645 consecutive hospital cases and, 850 "CBCs with blood films to the pathologist." Because the MPV and PDW are time dependant, nomograms and tables were created for the 0-25-and 26-40-min elapsed time intervals. In this study, abnormal CBC platelet parameters were found in the majority of patients with common thrombotic diseases, such as diabetes, atherosclerosis, hypertension, congestive heart failure, deep vein thrombosis (DVT), and toxemia. Thrombotic disease-related CBC categories include combined elevated MPV and PDW, elevated MPV or PDW alone, "MCV/MPV mismatch" (failure of physiologic "MCV/MPV match"), rheologic problem of elevated HCT and MPV, and mild thrombocytopenia with decreased MPV and high PDW. Anticoagulants and steroids often decrease the MPV. CBC platelet parameter abnormalities provide a new useful classification of thrombotic diseases in daily practice.This article on thrombotic diseases assesses the ' clinical utility of the mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet distribution width (PDW), rendered interpretable by creation of reference ranges for specific intervals of elapsed time, namely 025 and 26-40 min. The MPV and PDW are time dependant, and there are two recent thorough reviews that discuss the variables affecting the MPV and PDW as measured and reported by modern hematology analyzers (1,2). Many of our colleagues have stopped reporting MPV and PDW because these parameters seem to have little clinical relevance, and we agree if they are reported without benefit of the elapsed time in minutes. We quote Jackson and Carter &dquo;Platelet parameters including the MPV and the PDW have been available to the clinicians since the early 1970s, but their role in the diagnosis and management of patients remains u~clear'' fl).Our Hospital Laboratory acquired a Coulter STKS Hematology Analyzer in 1990, almost 4 years before acquisition of a main-frame computer. In 1990, all the critical data including collection and analysis times were reported on the same hematology &dquo;card&dquo;, which served as both the hematology request and report form. In January, 1992 we began reporting the PDW. Recently, we published preliminary reports on the usefulness of the platelet parameters in assessing thrombotic disease cases (3,4). In this article we report a retrospective prevalence study of the MPV and PDW on all thrombotic disease patients encountered in 1,495 consecutive cases, including hospital admissions and outpatients. MATERIALS AND METHODS ObjectivesOur ofginal objective was to study a series of clinical cases to determine which diseases were associated with MPV and PDW abnormalities. Following documentation of our initial observations (3,4), our new objective is a more detailed retrospective case review for purposes of further categorizing common CBC abnormalities seen in m...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Common Thrombotic Disorders Defined by CBC Platelet Parameters

Willans¹,

Mill²,

Ranney³

1995

Clin Appl Thromb Hemost

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“…Because platelets do not have a nucleus, only residual amounts of mRNA, and limited protein synthesis (9), the presence of ER-␣ and ER-␤ in megakaryocytes (in the nucleus and cytoplasm) from both groups indicates that ovarian hormones, including 17␤-estradiol, may be involved in modulating content of growth factors genomically in megakaryocytes. ER-␤ may be the main ER in porcine platelets because platelets from both groups had more extensive positive immunofluorescence staining to ER-␤ than to ER-␣.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ovariectomy increases mitogens and platelet-induced proliferation of arterial smooth muscle

Bracamonte¹,

Rud²,

Owen

et al. 2002

American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

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-Experiments were designed to determine how ovariectomy modulates mitogenic factors in platelets and how these factors affect proliferation of coronary arterial smooth muscle. Platelet-derived growth factors (PDGFAB and PDGFBB), transforming growth factors (TGF-␤1 and TGF-␤2), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF165) were quantified in platelet lysates and platelet-poor plasma from adult gonadally intact and ovariectomized female pigs by ELISA. Proliferation of cultured coronary arterial smooth muscle cells (SMCs) from both groups of pigs was determined in response to autologous or heterologous platelet lysates. Platelet concentrations of PDGFBB, but not PDGFAB, TGF-␤1, and TGF-␤2, increased with ovariectomy. VEGF165 was not detected in platelets from either group. Proliferation of SMCs from ovariectomized females was significantly greater on exposure to autologous or heterologous platelet lysates than proliferation of SMCs from intact females. These results indicate that ovariectomy increases concentrations of PDGFBB in platelets. Higher levels of PDGFBB in platelets in synergy with other plateletderived products could contribute to increased proliferative arterial response to injury after ovariectomy.

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“…In particular, platelets originating from high-ploidy MKs are thought to be more easily activated than platelets generated from MKs with a lower ploidy. 11 Therefore, polyploidy may regulate gene expression, MK maturation, and consequently platelet function. 12 In favor of this hypothesis, it has been demonstrated that polyploidization up-or down-regulates gene expression of a small number of genes in yeast.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%