The memory-experience gap for PTSD symptoms: The correspondence between experience sampling and past month retrospective reports of traumatic stress symptoms

Greene, Talya; Sznitman, Sharon R.; Contractor, Ateka A.; Prakash, Krithika; Fried, Eiko I.; Gelkopf, Marc

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2021.114315

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Evidence that retrospective reports of PTSD symptoms were significantly different from each ESM symptom pattern (e.g., average, peak, recency, primacy, average of daily peak, and worst day) among community women experiencing IPV broadly aligned with previous studies examining concordance of PTSD symptoms assessed via retrospective self-report and ESM in other populations (Carlson et al, 2016; Decker et al, 2021; Greene et al, 2022; Naragon-Gainey et al, 2012; Schuler et al, 2021; Westermeyer et al, 2015). However, our findings that retrospective reports of PTSD symptoms most closely resembled peak, followed by worst day, PTSD symptoms, and not average PTSD symptoms, replicated the findings of Schuler et al (2021) and Decker et al (2021), but not Westermeyer et al (2015) or Greene et al (2022).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

“…Decker et al (2021; n = 35 male veterans) similarly found that retrospective reports of PTSD symptoms showed the greatest degree of correspondence to participants’ most intense (i.e., “peak”) symptoms across the ESM assessment period. Results from Greene et al (2022; n = 96 community members from South and Central Israel exposed to rocket fire during the Israel-Gaza July–August 2014 conflict), however, were consistent with earlier studies, finding that retrospective reports were most highly correlated with average ESM scores, rather than peak or most recent reports. Mixed findings from extant work on the concordance between retrospective and ESM reports of PTSD symptoms limit our ability to draw clear and consistent conclusions about what retrospective assessments of PTSD symptoms most accurately reflect and suggest the need for examining their concordance in other populations as well as considering contextual influences.…”

supporting

confidence: 84%

“…Although early studies examining concordance among retrospective and ESM assessments of PTSD have produced consistent findings, recent investigations suggest a more complex pattern of results (Carlson et al, 2016;Decker et al, 2021;Greene et al, 2022;Naragon-Gainey et al, 2012;Schuler et al, 2021;Westermeyer et al, 2015). Specifically, findings from Naragon-Gainey et al ( 2012; n = 132 female undergraduates with a history of sexual assault and past-month binge drinking), Westermeyer et al (2015;n = 17 community individuals and veterans with PTSD), and Carlson et al (2016;n = 62 adults recently exposed to traumatic injury) suggest strong agreement between retrospective and ESM assessments of PTSD symptoms, with mean daily PTSD symptoms aligning most closely to retrospective self-reports.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

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Concordance of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms Assessed via Retrospective Report Versus Experience Sampling Methods in Community Women Experiencing Intimate Partner Violence

Kiefer,

Schick,

Newberger

et al. 2023

J Interpers Violence

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Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is one of the most prominent negative health consequences that women experiencing intimate partner violence (IPV) may develop. However, research on PTSD among women experiencing IPV has largely relied on retrospective reporting methods, which are vulnerable to bias and may consequently misrepresent PTSD symptoms. This study evaluated the concordance between PTSD symptoms assessed via retrospective self-report and experience sampling methods (ESM), which involve repeated within-day sampling of experiences in near real-time and in natural environments. Community women ( N = 134) experiencing IPV ( Mage = 40.7, 30.4% Black) responded to ESM surveys three times a day for 30 days and then completed a follow-up interview. Retrospective self-report of PTSD symptoms, which were assessed during the follow-up interview, were compared to ESM reports of PTSD symptoms. Retrospective reports of PTSD symptoms were significantly different from PTSD symptoms reported during the ESM period, but most closely resembled peak PTSD symptoms. Notably, retrospective reports of PTSD symptoms were significantly different, with a very large effect size, from average PTSD symptoms reported during the ESM period. Discordance scores were significantly negatively associated with the number of days on which any IPV occurred, suggesting that as the frequency of IPV experiences increased, differences between retrospective PTSD symptoms and each ESM symptom pattern decreased. This study provides an important contribution to the literature by highlighting meaningful differences in PTSD symptoms assessed via retrospective self-report versus ESM and the role of IPV context. Findings emphasize the importance of utilizing ESM in PTSD research with women experiencing IPV.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

supporting

confidence: 84%

mentioning

confidence: 98%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Concordance of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms Assessed via Retrospective Report Versus Experience Sampling Methods in Community Women Experiencing Intimate Partner Violence

Kiefer,

Schick,

Newberger

et al. 2023

J Interpers Violence

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“…Our study is part of a larger experience sampling study (Gelkopf et al, 2017;Greene, 2018;Greene et al, 2017Greene et al, , 2022Lapid Pickman et al, 2017), which was conducted during and after the 2014 Israel-Gaza conflict. Data were collected from Israeli residents over a 50-day period, during which Gaza fired rockets and mortar shells toward Israel, and Israel conducted ground and air attacks on Gaza.…”

Section: Methods Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does armed conflict exposure predict psychotic experiences in the general population? An experience sampling study.

Westh,

Gelkopf,

Bloomfield

et al. 2024

International Journal of Stress Management

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There is mounting evidence that exposure to psychological stress and trauma increases risk of subsequent psychotic experiences (PE). However, we lack a clear understanding of the relationships between histories of trauma, stressful events in adulthood, and PE. In the present study, our aim was to investigate whether trauma history augments the risk of experiencing PE when exposed to later stressors in adulthood. We sought to address this by examining the relationship between exposure to rocket-warning sirens and PE during the 2014 Israel-Gaza conflict, using experience sampling. Our sample consisted of 97 healthy Israeli civilians who reported their experiences via smartphone twice daily for 30 days. We conducted multilevel models with time and siren exposure as predictors to estimate PE during the conflict. Siren exposure elicited PE, and PE decreased over time as the conflict persisted. People who had experienced previous trauma in adulthood were more likely to have PE when exposed to sirens compared with people who had experienced childhood trauma. Our current findings are broadly consistent with contemporary models of psychosis, which suggest that stress is involved in its aetiology and could have important implications for early detection and intervention in psychosis.

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A review of the peak-end rule in mental health contexts

Horwitz,

McCarthy,

Sen

2024

Current Opinion in Psychology

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The memory-experience gap for PTSD symptoms: The correspondence between experience sampling and past month retrospective reports of traumatic stress symptoms

Cited by 8 publications

References 32 publications

Concordance of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms Assessed via Retrospective Report Versus Experience Sampling Methods in Community Women Experiencing Intimate Partner Violence

Concordance of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms Assessed via Retrospective Report Versus Experience Sampling Methods in Community Women Experiencing Intimate Partner Violence

Does armed conflict exposure predict psychotic experiences in the general population? An experience sampling study.

A review of the peak-end rule in mental health contexts

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