The Mesothelial Cells in CAPD Effluent and Their Relation to Peritonitis Incidence

Betjes, M.; Bos, H. J.; Krediet, Raymond T.; Arisz, L.

doi:10.1177/089686089101100106

Cited by 50 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Second, it has been demonstrated in previous studies that mesothelial cells are able to produce several immunoactive substances such as phosphatidylcholine, adhesion molecules, IL-6 and IL-8 [11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. Third, we demonstrated earlier that the number of mesothelial cells in the effluent of CAPD patients is inversely correlated to their peritonitis incidence [18], suggesting an important function for these cells in the prevention of inflammation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Chemokines produced by mesothelial cells: huGRO-α, IP-10, MCP-1 and RANTES

Visser

Tekstra

Brouwer-Steenbergen

et al. 1998

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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Recently we showed the in vivo relevance of chemokines in cases of bacterial peritonitis in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients. Mesothelial cells, the most numerous cells in the peritoneal cavity, are hypothesized to function as a main source of chemokine production. We investigated the time- and dose-dependent expression patterns of four chemokines by mesothelial cells at the mRNA and protein level in response to stimulation with physiological doses of proinflammatory mediators that are present at the site of bacterial inflammation. Besides the chemokines huGRO-alpha (attractant for neutrophils), MCP-1 and RANTES (monocyte attractants), the expression and production of IP-10 was analysed. Mesothelial cells were cultured and stimulated with either IL-1beta, tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) or IFN-gamma or combinations of these. The time- and dose-dependent mRNA expression of the chemokines was determined by Northern blot analysis and the protein production by ELISA. It was concluded that mesothelial cells could indeed be triggered by the mentioned stimuli to induce mRNA and protein production (huGRO-alpha and IP-10) or to augment constitutive protein production (MCP-1). However, RANTES mRNA and protein production could only be induced in some cases and only in small amounts. The chemokine response of mesothelial cells was regulated differentially, depending on the stimulus and the chemokine measured. In distinct cases, combination of the stimuli led to synergy in mRNA expression and protein production. The presented in vitro data support our hypothesis that mesothelial cells in vivo are the main source of relevant chemokines in response to proinflammatory mediators, suggesting an important role for mesothelial cells in host defence.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Chemokines produced by mesothelial cells: huGRO-α, IP-10, MCP-1 and RANTES

Visser

Tekstra

Brouwer-Steenbergen

et al. 1998

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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“…Briefly, Met-5A cells were grown in Medium 199 containing Earle's BSS, L-glutamine, and sodium bicarbonate (Sigma, Tokyo, Japan) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS, Sigma), 20 mM HEPES (Dojindo, Kumamoto, Japan), 3.3 nM epidermal growth factor (EGF; R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN), 400 nM hydrocortisone (Sigma), and 870 nM zinc-free insulin (Sigma) in humidified air with 5% CO 2 at 37°C. HPMC from spent peritoneal dialysis effluent of glucose-based pH-neutral peritoneal dialysis solution were obtained by centrifugation of dialysis fluid taken randomly from the clinically stable patients with a variety of peritoneal permeability undergoing nocturnal exchanges using modified methods described previously (5,6,9,26,50,56). HPMC were cultured under two different conditions:…”

Section: Cell Culture Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CTGF production in human mesothelial cells. Human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMC) were isolated from spent glucose-based peritoneal dialysis fluid (Dianeal-N PD-4, pH 6.5-7.5, Baxter, Tokyo, Japan) taken from 32 clinically stable patients (Table 2) and cultured by use of a modified method described previously (5,26). Basal and TGF-␤ 1 induced CTGF mRNA expression in both HPMC and human mesothelial cell line, Met-5A, were studied as detailed below.…”

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confidence: 99%

Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF/CCN2) is increased in peritoneal dialysis patients with high peritoneal solute transport rate

Mizutani

Ito²,

Mizuno³

et al. 2010

American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology

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Peritoneal fibrosis (PF) is an important complication of peritoneal dialysis (PD) therapy that often occurs in association with peritoneal high transport rate and ultrafiltration failure (UFF). To study the possible pathogenic role of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) in the relationship of PF and UFF, dialysate CTGF contents (n = 178) and tissue CTGF expression (n = 61) were investigated by ELISA, real-time PCR, immunohistochemistry, and in situ hybridization. CTGF production with and without TGF-beta1 stimulation in human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMC) from the spent patients' peritoneal dialysate (n = 32) was studied in vitro. The dialysate-to-plasma ratio for creatinine (D/P Cr) was positively correlated to dialysate CTGF concentration and estimated local peritoneal production of CTGF. CTGF mRNA expression was 11.4-fold higher in peritoneal membranes with UFF than in pre-PD renal failure peritoneum and was correlated with thickness of the peritoneum. CTGF protein and mRNA were detected in mesothelium and in fibroblast-like cells. In cultured HPMC, TGF-beta(1)-induced expression of CTGF mRNA was increased at 12 and 24 h and was correlated with D/P Cr. In contrast, bone morphogenic protein-4 mRNA expression was inversely correlated with D/P Cr. Our results suggest that high peritoneal transport state is associated with fibrosis and increased peritoneal CTGF expression and production by mesothelial cells, which can be stimulated by TGF-beta1. Dialysate CTGF concentration could be a biomarker for both peritoneal fibrosis and membrane function. Functional alteration of mesothelial cells may be involved in progression of peritoneal fibrosis in high transport state.

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“…These macrophages are considered to be important in the prevention of bacterial outgrowth in the peritoneal cavity, since they have bactericidal capacity (8). However, the low number of peritoneal macrophages does not correspond with the high incidence of peritonitis (4), whereas an inverse correlation between numbers of mesothelial cells (MC) in peritoneal dialysis effluent and incidence of peritonitis has been demonstrated (2,5). Furthermore, neutrophils are more potent in the killing of bacteria (3).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%