The message of nitric oxide in cadmium challenged plants

Arasimowicz‐Jelonek, Magdalena; Floryszak‐Wieczorek, Jolanta; Gwóźdź, Edward A.

doi:10.1016/j.plantsci.2011.03.019

Cited by 122 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 112 publications

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“…For example, NO may help plant maintain high levels of K + to reduce the toxic effects of high salt, and it may lower plant K + content to retard growth under nonsalinity stresses-i.e., NO may exert different strategies responding to changing conditions to precisely fulfill its roles in plant K + homeostasis. Besides K + , NO, as a multifunctional signaling molecule, also implicates in the regulation of other ions, such as calcium (57), iron (9), cadmium (58), and aluminum (59), to adjust plant growth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitric oxide negatively regulates AKT1-mediated potassium uptake through modulating vitamin B6 homeostasis in Arabidopsis

Xia

Kong

Xue

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Nitric oxide (NO), an active signaling molecule in plants, is involved in numerous physiological processes and adaptive responses to environmental stresses. Under high-salt conditions, plants accumulate NO quickly, and reorganize Na + and K + contents. However, the molecular connection between NO and ion homeostasis is largely unknown. Here, we report that NO lowers K + channel AKT1-mediated plant K + uptake by modulating vitamin B6 biosynthesis. In a screen for Arabidopsis NO-hypersensitive mutants, we isolated sno1 (sensitive to nitric oxide 1), which is allelic to the previously noted mutant sos4 (salt overly sensitive 4) that has impaired Na + and K + contents and overproduces pyridoxal 5′-phosphate (PLP), an active form of vitamin B6. We showed that NO increased PLP and decreased K + levels in plant. NO induced SNO1 gene expression and enzyme activity, indicating that NO-triggered PLP accumulation mainly occurs through SNO1-mediated vitamin B6 salvage biosynthetic pathway. Furthermore, we demonstrated that PLP significantly repressed the activity of K + channel AKT1 in the Xenopus oocyte system and Arabidopsis root protoplasts. Together, our results suggest that NO decreases K + absorption by promoting the synthesis of vitamin B6 PLP, which further represses the activity of K + channel AKT1 in Arabidopsis. These findings reveal a previously unidentified pivotal role of NO in modulating the homeostasis of vitamin B6 and potassium nutrition in plants, and shed light on the mechanism of NO in plant acclimation to environmental changes.genetic approach | electrophysiological studies | potassium nutrition N itric oxide (NO) acts as a crucial signaling molecule in various physiological processes in plants, such as seed germination and dormancy (1, 2), root development (3), leaf senescence (4, 5), floral transition (6), stomatal movement (7, 8), iron homeostasis (9, 10), and hormone responses (11,12). NO production is altered when plants are subjected to abiotic or biotic stresses (13,14). High salt, a major environmental factor that limits agriculture yield, induces a quick endogenous NO accumulation in plants (15,16), and triggers enhanced Na + influx and reduced K + absorption in the root (17). Both endogenously produced NO and exogenously applied NO have been proposed to enhance plant salt tolerance (18-21) by attenuating high saltinduced increases in the Na + to K + ratio. Genetic analysis showed that K + nutrition, but not Na + , plays critical role in plant salt tolerance (22). However, the molecular basis of NO effect on K + or Na + content is elusive.K + levels in plant tissues are determined by K + uptake and translocation, which are mediated by a large number of transporters and channels. In Arabidopsis, the K + channel AKT1 (23, 24) and K + transporter AtHAK5 (25) are the two major molecular entities responsible for K + absorption from the environment (26-28). AKT1 contributes to K + acquisition over a wide range of external K + concentrations (10 μM-10 mM), whereas AtHAK5 mediates limited uptake capac...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitric oxide negatively regulates AKT1-mediated potassium uptake through modulating vitamin B6 homeostasis in Arabidopsis

Xia

Kong

Xue

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…Cadmium is one of the most widely distributed HM in agricultural soils [53]. Cd-induced increase in endogenous levels of NO is associated with its role as a bioactive molecule to quench ROS [54].…”

Section: No-phytohormone Cross Talk Under Heavy Metals Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross Talk between Nitric Oxide and Phytohormones Regulate Plant Development during Abiotic Stresses

Nawaz¹,

Shabbir²,

Shahbaz³

et al. 2017

Phytohormones - Signaling Mechanisms and Crosstalk in Plant Development and Stress Responses

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Plants, being sessile, are concurrently exposed to various biotic and abiotic stresses. The perception of stress signals in plants involves a wide spectrum of signal transduction pathways that interact to induce tolerance against adverse environmental conditions. This functional overlapping among various stress signaling cascades also leads to the expression of genes that regulate biosynthesis or action of other hormones. Phytohormonal signals, activated by both developmental and environmental responses, play a crucial role to develop stress tolerance in plants. Nitric oxide (NO) is one of the major players in plant signaling networks. Emerging evidence supports that NO interplays with signaling pathways of auxins, gibberellins, abscisic acid, ethylene, jasmonic acid, brassinosteroids, and other plant hormones to control metabolism, growth, and development in plants. This chapter focuses on the current state of knowledge of cross talk between signaling pathways of NO and phytohormones in plants exposed to various abiotic stresses.

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“…It has previously been shown that cadmium treatment induces ROS and nitric oxide (NO) production in plant cells (Olmos et al, 2003;Garnier et al, 2006;Besson-Bard et al, 2009;De Michele et al, 2009;Arasimowicz-Jelonek et al, 2011). To check whether NO or ROS participate in the NtOSAK activation in response to cadmium, the kinase activity was analyzed in BY-2 cells pretreated with the NO scavenger 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,5-dhydro-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1 Himidazol-1yl-oxy-3-oxide (cPTIO) or with the antioxidant enzyme catalase, prior to 100 mM CdCl 2 exposure.…”

Section: Ros and Nitric Oxide Contribute To Ntosak Activation In Respmentioning

confidence: 99%

SNF1-Related Protein Kinases Type 2 Are Involved in Plant Responses to Cadmium Stress

et al. 2012

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Cadmium ions are notorious environmental pollutants. To adapt to cadmium-induced deleterious effects plants have developed sophisticated defense mechanisms. However, the signaling pathways underlying the plant response to cadmium are still elusive. Our data demonstrate that SnRK2s (for SNF1-related protein kinase2) are transiently activated during cadmium exposure and are involved in the regulation of plant response to this stress. Analysis of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) Osmotic StressActivated Protein Kinase activity in tobacco Bright Yellow 2 cells indicates that reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide, produced mainly via an L-arginine-dependent process, contribute to the kinase activation in response to cadmium. SnRK2.4 is the closest homolog of tobacco Osmotic Stress-Activated Protein Kinase in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Comparative analysis of seedling growth of snrk2.4 knockout mutants versus wild-type Arabidopsis suggests that SnRK2.4 is involved in the inhibition of root growth triggered by cadmium; the mutants were more tolerant to the stress. Measurements of the level of three major species of phytochelatins (PCs) in roots of plants exposed to Cd 2+ showed a similar (PC2, PC4) or lower (PC3) concentration in snrk2.4 mutants in comparison to wild-type plants. These results indicate that the enhanced tolerance of the mutants does not result from a difference in the PCs level. Additionally, we have analyzed ROS accumulation in roots subjected to Cd 2+ treatment. Our data show significantly lower Cd 2+ -induced ROS accumulation in the mutants' roots. Concluding, the obtained results indicate that SnRK2s play a role in the regulation of plant tolerance to cadmium, most probably by controlling ROS accumulation triggered by cadmium ions.Cadmium is one of the most toxic soil pollutants. Cadmium ions accumulate in plants and affect, via the food chain, animal and human health. In plants, cadmium is taken up by roots and is transported to aerial organs, leading to chromosomal aberrations, growth reduction, and inhibition of photosynthesis, transpiration, nitrogen metabolism, nutrient and water uptake, eventually causing plant death (for review, see DalCorso et al., 2008). Plants are challenged not only by cadmium ions themselves, but also by Cd 2+ -induced harmful effects including oxidative stress (Schützendübel et al., 2001;Olmos et al., 2003;Cho and Seo, 2005;Sharma and Dietz, 2009). The extent of the detrimental effects on plant growth and metabolism depends on the level of cadmium ions present in the surrounding environment and on the plant's sensitivity to heavy metal stress.Tolerant plants avoid heavy metal uptake and/or induce the expression of genes encoding products involved, directly or indirectly, in heavy metal binding and removal from potentially sensitive sites, by sequestration or efflux (Clemens, 2006). The best-characterized heavy metal binding ligands in plants are thiol-containing compounds metallothioneins and phytochelatins (PCs), whose production is stimulated by Cd 2+. PC...

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The message of nitric oxide in cadmium challenged plants

Cited by 122 publications

References 112 publications

Nitric oxide negatively regulates AKT1-mediated potassium uptake through modulating vitamin B6 homeostasis in Arabidopsis

Nitric oxide negatively regulates AKT1-mediated potassium uptake through modulating vitamin B6 homeostasis in Arabidopsis

Cross Talk between Nitric Oxide and Phytohormones Regulate Plant Development during Abiotic Stresses

SNF1-Related Protein Kinases Type 2 Are Involved in Plant Responses to Cadmium Stress

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