The metabolic syndrome is associated with advanced vascular damage in patients with coronary heart disease, stroke, peripheral arterial disease or abdominal aortic aneurysm

Olijhoek, Jobien K.; Graff, Y. Van Der; Jd, Banga

doi:10.1016/j.jvs.2004.09.007

Cited by 40 publications

(63 citation statements)

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“…Despite the strengths of the ARIC data, the distinction between IMT and plaque could not be made, and information on Hispanics was lacking. A positive association between ATP III‐defined MetS and carotid IMT was also reported among 502 white patients in the Second Manifestations of Arterial Disease (SMART) study, 11 but plaque characteristics were not reported. Another study of 391 healthy middle‐aged white Swedish men found that carotid IMT, but not plaque prevalence, was positively related to the MetS; however, no other plaque characteristics were measured 12 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Nonetheless, data on the relationship between the MetS and imaging markers of subclinical atherosclerosis are lacking in large multiethnic cohorts, and all but 1 of the studies have been small 10–13 . Further, most have examined carotid IMT, rather than plaque characteristics, while several studies suggest that carotid plaque predicts myocardial infarction and coronary artery disease better than does carotid IMT 24 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Carotid plaque and intima‐media thickness (IMT) detected by noninvasive high‐resolution B‐mode ultrasound are surrogate markers of systemic subclinical atherosclerosis and strong predictors of future fatal and nonfatal myocardial infarction and stroke 9 . Data on the relationship between the MetS and markers of subclinical atherosclerosis are lacking, however, in multiethnic populations 10–13 . The aim of this study was to determine the association of the MetS and its components with subclinical atherosclerosis as measured by carotid plaque prevalence and maximum carotid plaque thickness (MCPT) in a large population based ethnically diverse cohort of stroke‐free individuals.…”

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confidence: 99%

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The Metabolic Syndrome and Subclinical Carotid Atherosclerosis: The Northern Manhattan Study

Rundek

White

Boden‐Albala

et al. 2007

J Cardiometabolic Synd

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The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a distinctive phenotype associated with an increased risk of vascular disease. Carotid plaque is a surrogate marker of subclinical atherosclerosis and a powerful predictor of vascular outcomes. The relationship between the MetS and subclinical atherosclerosis in multiethnic populations has not been well characterized. The authors have evaluated the association of the MetS with subclinical atherosclerosis among 1895 community residents from the Northern Manhattan Study (mean age, 68.0+/-9.7 years; 59% women; 25% black; 22% white; 51% Hispanic). The prevalence of the MetS was 41% (35% in men, 45% in women), and 57% of subjects had carotid plaque. In a multivariate-adjusted logistic regression model, the MetS was a significant predictor of plaque presence (odds ratio, 1.36; 95% confidence interval, 1.10-1.67). Additionally, the number of MetS components was significantly associated with plaque prevalence. Further studies are needed to understand the role of the MetS in the progression from subclinical to clinical atherosclerotic disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Metabolic Syndrome and Subclinical Carotid Atherosclerosis: The Northern Manhattan Study

Rundek

White

Boden‐Albala

et al. 2007

J Cardiometabolic Synd

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“…At least six organizations including WHO [10], EGIR [18], NCEP‐ATP III [1–2], AACE [19], IDF [11], and AHA/NHLBI [3], have proposed separate definitions of MetS. We used the less stringent ATP III definition in this study, although both ATP III and WHO definitions have been widely used for investigations for association between MetS, ASCVD and mortality in the literatures [20–33]. The most unique aspects of this study include the identification of the greatest risk MetS clusters and the does‐response relationship.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several criteria have been proposed for its diagnosis including those from the World Health Organization (WHO) [10], the European Group for the Study of Insulin Resistance (EGIR) [18], US Adult Treatment Panel III of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP‐ATPIII) [1, 2], the American Association of Clinical Endocrinology (AACE) [19], the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) [11], and the American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (AHA/NHLBI) [3]. MetS has been reported to be associated with increased risk of ASCVD and deaths in various populations [20–33]. The relative risk ranges from 1.5 to 3.0.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic syndrome, its preeminent clusters, incident coronary heart disease and all‐cause mortality – results of prospective analysis for the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study

Hong

Jin

et al. 2007

Journal of Internal Medicine

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Objective. To investigate the prospective association between Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) and coronary heart disease (CHD) and all-cause mortality.Subjects and Design. A bi-racial cohort of 14 699 middle-aged Americans from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study were followed for the development of new CHD and death over a period of 9 years. MetS, using the original ATP-III criteria, was defined as having at least three of the following components: elevated blood pressure (BP), elevated plasma glucose, elevated blood triglyceride (TG), increased waist circumference, and low HDL cholesterol (HDL-c). Incident CHD cases included hospitalized myocardial infarction (MI), fatal CHD, revascularization procedures, and silent MI as detected by EKG.Results. The prevalence of the MetS at baseline was 29%, 30%, 40% and 26% among CHD-free white women, white men, black women, and black men, respectively. There were 1018 incident CHD cases and 1039 deaths. The relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of incident CHD associated with MetS was 2.46 (1.99, 3.03) for women and 1.86 (1.59, 2.18) for men. Clear dose-response relationship between the number of MetS components and incidence of CHD was found (P for linear trend <0.001).The following three clusters of MetS components posed the highest risk for CHD: (i) the elevated BP and glucose and low HDL-c group [RR ¼ 5.68 (3.44, 9.37)]; (ii) the elevated BP and glucose and TG group [RR ¼ 5.08 (2.96, 8.70)]; and (iii) the elevated BP and TG and low HDL-c group [RR ¼ 3.98 (2.75, 5.77)]. When all five components co-existed, the risk was the highest [RR ¼ 6.24 (4.65, 8.36)]. Similar results with attenuated RR were found for all-cause mortality.Conclusions. Individuals, especially women, with the MetS have significantly higher risk of developing CHD. The riskiest combination is high-BP and glucose clustered with low HDL-c or high TG. These data highlight the importance of targeting MetS in the prevention of CHD and premature death.

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Prevalence and Impact of Metabolic Syndrome on Hospital Outcomes in Acute Myocardial Infarction

Zeller¹

2005

Arch Intern Med

153

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The metabolic syndrome is associated with advanced vascular damage in patients with coronary heart disease, stroke, peripheral arterial disease or abdominal aortic aneurysm

Cited by 40 publications

References 45 publications

The Metabolic Syndrome and Subclinical Carotid Atherosclerosis: The Northern Manhattan Study

The Metabolic Syndrome and Subclinical Carotid Atherosclerosis: The Northern Manhattan Study

Metabolic syndrome, its preeminent clusters, incident coronary heart disease and all‐cause mortality – results of prospective analysis for the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study

Prevalence and Impact of Metabolic Syndrome on Hospital Outcomes in Acute Myocardial Infarction

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