The metabolism and synergism of malathion in resistant and susceptible strains of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae)

Dyte, C. E.; Rowlands, D. G.

doi:10.1016/0022-474x(68)90006-4

Cited by 66 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…These results implied that the resistance is likely to be the malathion-specific type, involving increased levels of a malathion-degrading carboxylesterase. The synergist TPP blocks the production of malathion mono-acid in a resistant strain of T. castaneum and its it is therefore probable that the resistance is caused by carboxylesterase activity (Dyte and Rowlands, 1968;Price, 1984).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In malathion-specific resistant strains of T. castaneum, malathion can be degraded by a carboxylesterase to less toxic more easily excreted carboxylic acids (Dyte and Rowlands, 1968;Price, 1984). The malathion-specific resistance is always accompanied by reduced α-naphthyl acetate esterase activity in resistant strains of the red flour beetle T. castaneum (Wool et al, 1982;Mackness et al, 1983).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Purification and characterization of a carboxylesterase involved in malathion-specific resistance from Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)

Haubruge

Amichot²,

Cuany³

et al. 2002

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

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Specific resistance to malathion in a strain of Tribolium castaneum is due to a 44-fold increase in malathion carboxylesterase (MCE) activity relative to a susceptible strain, whereas non-specific esterase levels are slightly lower. Unlike the overproduced esterase of some mosquito and aphid species, MCE in Tribolium castaneum accounts for only a small fraction (0.033-0.045%) of the total extractable protein respectively in resistant and susceptible strains. The enzyme was purified to apparent homogeneity from these two strains and has a similar molecular weight of 62,000. However, preparative isoelectricfocusing indicated that resistant insects possess one MCE with pI of 7.3, while susceptible insects possess a MCE with a pI of 6.6. Purified MCE from both populations had different K m and V m values for hydrolysis of malathion as well as for α-naphthyl acetate. The kinetic analysis suggests that MCE of resistant insects hydrolyses malathion faster than the purified carboxylesterase from susceptible beetles and that this enzyme has greater affinity for malathion than for naphthyl esters. Malathion-specific resistance is due to the presence of a qualitatively different esterase in the resistant strain.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Purification and characterization of a carboxylesterase involved in malathion-specific resistance from Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)

Haubruge

Amichot²,

Cuany³

et al. 2002

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

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“…The failure of TPP to overcome a major proportion of malathion resistance in the other two strains indicates that an alternative mechanism, e.g. increased detoxification by phosphatases, may be more important in these resistances (Dyte and Rowlands 1968).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Where very high resistance to malathion occurred, the larvae were treated with 1 p1 of 97% malathion; for high concentrations of DDT and dieldrin, where crystailisation occurred, two applications of 1 pI were used. Triphenyl phosphate (TPP), which decreases detoxication of malathion by carboxyesterases in some resistant strains of Tribulium castaneum (Dyte and Rowlands 1968), was applied as a 10% solution in acetone in two 1 p1 doses (60 s apart) to larvae of strain T at various times from 2 to 80 h before treatment with malathion. Equi-doses of TPP were also applied to the other strains 48 h before treatment with malathion.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insecticide Resistance in Plodia Interpunctella (Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in New South Wales, Australia

Attia¹

1977

Australian Journal of Entomology

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Three strains of Indian meal moth, Pludia intevpuncfella, were collected in 1975 from stored foodstuffs and grain storages in New South Wales and their responses to 24 insecticides were compared with a laboratory reference strain. The strains showed 68-, 74.4-and 72.3-fold resistance to endrin, :-53-fold to dieldrin, 12.5-, 14.2-and 11.5-fold resistance to lindane, and > 42-fold resistance to DDT. One strain from Tamworth (strain T) displayed more than 260-fold resistance to malathion and two strains (R and M) showed 25-and 24-fold resistance to malathion. The three strains also had resistance to dichlorvos (2.9 to 3.6-fold), diazinon (7.0 to 9.7-fold), pirimiphos-methyl (4.5 to 4.8-fold) and fenitrothion (7.2 to 8.6-fold). Pre-treatment with triphenyl phosphate overcame most of the malathion resistance of strain T, reducing the resistance factor by more than 97% to 7.4, compared with only 20% and 17% reductions in strains R a n d M to 20. None of the strains was resistant to pyrethrins, synthetic pyrethroids or the carbamate, methomyl.

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“…Papers impregnated with the synergist solution in acetone (10%, wt:vol) were placed in a Petri dish with 50 adult beetles for 24 hours. The synergist was triphenyl phosphate (TPP -Ͼ99% purity, Merck-Schuchardt, Mü nchen, Germany), a carboxylesterase inhibitor (Dyte and Rowlands, 1968). Papers impregnated with TPP were then replaced by filter papers treated with the acetonic solution of malathion at the discriminating dose.…”

Section: Malathion Susceptibility and Characterisation Of The Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Increased fecundity of malathion-specific resistant beetles in absence of insecticide pressure

et al. 2002

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Despite that resistance frequency is assumed to decline when selective pressure is relaxed, the stability of resistance frequency has been observed in some insects in the absence of insecticide. In the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum, the first case of malathion-resistance was reported in the early 1960s. The malathion-specific resistant phenotype has now almost completely replaced the susceptible one in red flour beetle populations. In the present study, several life-history traits that could influence the fitness of the insects were compared between insecticide-susceptible and malathion-specific resistant populations of the red flour beetle. On average, egg fertility and egg-to-adult develop-

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The metabolism and synergism of malathion in resistant and susceptible strains of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae)

Cited by 66 publications

References 27 publications

Purification and characterization of a carboxylesterase involved in malathion-specific resistance from Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)

Purification and characterization of a carboxylesterase involved in malathion-specific resistance from Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)

Insecticide Resistance in Plodia Interpunctella (Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in New South Wales, Australia

Increased fecundity of malathion-specific resistant beetles in absence of insecticide pressure

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