THE METABOLISM OF CORTICOSTERONE-4-C14IN DOGS1,2

Willoughby, Henry W.; Chen, Chiadao; Freeman, Smith

doi:10.1210/endo-65-4-539

Cited by 12 publications

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“…Similar studies in the guinea-pig, the mouse and the dog have also shown faecal : urinary radioactivity ratios of less than 1-0 (Bradlow, Dobriner & Gallagher, 1954;Wyngaarden et al 1955;Willoughby et al 1959). But in the rat and the cat, the faecal : urinary radioactivity ratios were greater than 1-0 and in the mouse the ratio became reversed to a value greater than 1-0 when tritiated cortisone was administered intramuscularly or intraperitoneally rather than intravenously (Bradlow et al 1954;Bocklage, Doisy, Elliott & Doisy, 1955;Wyngaarden et al 1955;Firschein et al 1957;Taylor & Scratcherd, 1963;Taylor, 1969).…”

Section: (B) \L2-3h\aldosterone-injected Birdsmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…The metabolites of [l,2-3H]corticosterone and [l,2-3H]aldosterone in the duck (Fig. 4), the metabolites of [4-14C]cortisol in the guinea-pig and the rat (Wyngaarden et al 1955) and the metabolites of [l,2-3H]corticosterone in the dog (Willoughby et al 1959) are all readily reabsorbed from the gastro-intestinal tract. Indirect evidence also indicates that the rate of intestinal reabsorption of [4-14C]cortisol metabolites may be high in the guinea-pig (Wyngaarden et al 1955).…”

Section: (B) \L2-3h\aldosterone-injected Birdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the dog, the guinea-pig and the rat, the distribution and excretion of radioactivity has been studied after the injection of labelled cortisol and corticosterone (Wyngaarden, Peterson & Wolff, 1955;Firschein, De Venuto, Fitch, Pearce & Westphal, 1957;Lowy, Albepart & Pasqualini, 1969;Willoughby, Chen & Freeman, 1959). The chemical nature of the radioactive material in the tissues and excretory fluids, however, is imperfectly understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Distribution and Metabolism of Labelled Corticosteroids in the Duck (Anas Platyrhynchos)

Helton¹,

Holmes²

1973

Journal of Endocrinology

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After the injection of [1,2-3H]corticosterone into ducks, no unaltered free [1,2-3H]corticosterone was found in either bile, gut contents or cloacal fluid. All the [1,2-3H]corticosterone metabolites in cloacal fluid had similar chromatographic mobilities. A portion of these metabolites was steroid ester sulphate but enzymic hydrolysis suggested that only a small fraction of the sulphate was conjugated to [1,2-3H]corticosterone. The amount of ester sulphate in samples of cloacal fluid, however, was highly variable.After the injection of [1,2-3H]aldosterone one-fifth of the total radioactivity in urine was free [1,2-3H]aldosterone but none was found in the bile and gut contents. Chromatographic purification of the [1,2-3H]aldosterone metabolites in cloacal fluid showed two significant peaks and both peaks contained steroid ester sulphates. Enzymic hydrolysis of the tritiated material showed that each peak also contained a glucuronide of [1,2-3H]aldosterone.The effect of the entero-hepatic circulation on the excretion of tritiated metabolites by the kidney was also examined. Diversion of bile from the duodenum prevented the entry of radioactive material into the gut. The reduced reabsorption of tritiated corticosterone and tritiated aldosterone metabolites from the gut, however, did not affect the amount of tritium excreted by the kidneys. In the case of both hormones, some of the reabsorbed metabolite which had been extracted by the liver was released and re-entered the peripheral blood via the hepatic circulation. The stress of surgery in both the control birds and the birds with bile catheters caused the distribution of [1,2-3H]corticosterone and the tritiated corticosterone metabolites to change; a significantly smaller percentage of the injected radioactivity was recovered from the tissues and excretory fluids. This response to stress was not observed in the [1,2-3H]aldosterone injected birds.When partially purified metabolites of [1,2-2-3H]corticosterone and [ 1, 2\ x=r eq-\ 3H]aldosterone were injected into the lumen of the gut, the rate of uptake of the tritiated corticosterone metabolites was higher than that of the tritiated aldosterone metabolites. But, when the metabolites of [ 1, 2\ x=r eq-\ 3H]corticosterone and [1,2-3H]aldosterone were injected intravenously, and the rate of the intestinal reabsorption of the metabolites was not limiting, the rates of tritium excretion by the kidneys were the same. The volumes of distribution and metabolic clearance rates of the partially purified [1,2-3H]corticosterone and [1,2-3H]aldosterone metabolites were significantly different from one another and the metabolites could be readily distinguished physiologically as well as chromatographically. The pattern of distribution and the disappearance from plasma of i.v. administered synthetic [ 1, 2\ x=req-\ 3H]corticosterone-21-SO4 was also distinguishable from the naturally occurring metabolites of [1,2-3H]corticosterone.

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Section: (B) \L2-3h\aldosterone-injected Birdsmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: (B) \L2-3h\aldosterone-injected Birdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Distribution and Metabolism of Labelled Corticosteroids in the Duck (Anas Platyrhynchos)

Helton¹,

Holmes²

1973

Journal of Endocrinology

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“…Intact human subjects excrete about 80 % of an intravenous dose of [4-14C]corticosterone as metabolites in urine, whereas subjects with bile fistulae excrete 63-71 % of the dose in the urine and 20-30 % in the bile (Migeon, Sandberg, Paul & Samuels, 1956b). Dogs excrete 55 % of intravenously administered [4-14C]corticosterone as metabolites in the urine and 20 % in the faeces; dogs with chronic bile fistulae excrete 30-65 % of the dose in the urine and 25-50 % in the bile (Willoughby, Chen & Freeman, 1959). Therefore in human subjects and dogs some enterohepatic recirculation of corticosterone metabolites occurs but is greater in human subjects than in dogs: some of the metabolites reabsorbed from the gastroin-testinal tract subsequently appear in the urine.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Steroid metabolism in the cat. 2. Biliary and urinary excretion of metabolites of [4-14C]corticosterone

Taylor

Scratcherd

1963

Biochemical Journal

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“…Cortisol (7), corticosterone (8) and aldosterone ( 9 ) , have biological half-times of about 30 minutes in the dog. Therefore, one would expect that in 60 minutes the 17-hydroxycorticosteroids would have, at most, a concentration of 2 pg/lOO ml.…”

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confidence: 99%

Protection Against Circulatory Collapse After Adrenalectomy by Splanchnic Neurectomy.

Lefer

Burnett

1966

Experimental Biology and Medicine

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Acute bilateral adrenalectomy in the dog results in a state of cardiovascular collapse. The time course and the hernodynamic pattern of this shock-like state have previously been characterized ( 1 ) . This condition is manifested by a marked decline in arterial blood pressure, in myocardial contractility and in femoral blood flolw. Heart rate is markedly increased. These hemodynamic alterations reach a maximum about 3 hours after removal of the second adrenal gland. Plasma catecholamines increase before the onset of these hemo'dynamic alterations, occurring just after removal of the first adrenal gland. Administration of appropriate doses of ganglionic blocking agents or of large amounts of cortisol prior to adrenalectomy prevent the occurrence of the cardiovascular collapse.The general purpose of this study was to elucidate further the mechanism of the interrelationships between the adrenal cortex and the sympathetic nervous system with regard to the phenomenon of post-adrenalectomy cardiovascular collapse.Methods. Male mongrel dogs 15.5 to 22.5 kg fed a diet of Purina dog chow and water ad libitum were anesthetized with 30 mgJkg pentobarbital injected intravenously. Three groups of dogs were used. Group I consisted of 7 dogs which received no prior treatment during the 14 days immediately preceding their adrenalectomy. Group I1 consisted of 4 dogs in which a sham splanchnic neurectomy was performed 14 days prior to adreL nalectomy. Group I11 consisted of 10 dogs to which a bilateral splanchnic neurectomy was performed 14 days prior to use as experimental subjects. The one-stage bilateral splanchnic neurectomies were performed under sterile surgical technique, also using pento-* This investigati'on was supported by a grant from the Virginia Heart Assn. and by USPHS Research Grant HE49924 from Nat. Heart Inst.t Surgical Research Fellow. barbital anesthesia. The thoracic (greater) splmchnic nerves were apfioaxhed by lit midline abdominal incision through the diaphragm. The left and right greater splanchnic nerves were isolated and a one cm segment removed from each. Identificatioln of the nerve was confirmed by tracing the nerve fibers to the adrenal gland.The following hernodynamic variables were continuously recorded on an Offner Type R Dynograph: left ventricular contractile force (LVCF) , mean arterial blood pressure (MABP), central venous pressure (CVP) and heart rate (HR). The details of these prob cedures have been described ( 1). LVCF was measured using a Sutfin-Lefer strain gauge arch sutured to the epicardial surface of the left ventricle(2). The segment of myocardium directly beneath the gauge was stretched 33% of its end-diastolic length. Blood samples were taken just before, and one hour after, adrenalectomy for hmatocrit and plasma 1 7hydroixycor ticos t eroid determinations.Adrenalectomy was accompIished through a flank incision on both sides, Plasma 17-hydroxycorticosteroids were determined by the Porter-Silber method (3). Hematocrits were corrected for plasma trapping according to the method of Ch...

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THE METABOLISM OF CORTICOSTERONE-4-C¹⁴IN DOGS¹,²

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

The Distribution and Metabolism of Labelled Corticosteroids in the Duck (Anas Platyrhynchos)

The Distribution and Metabolism of Labelled Corticosteroids in the Duck (Anas Platyrhynchos)

Steroid metabolism in the cat. 2. Biliary and urinary excretion of metabolites of [4-14C]corticosterone

Protection Against Circulatory Collapse After Adrenalectomy by Splanchnic Neurectomy.

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