The Metabolism of Long-Chain Monoenoic Fatty Acids in Heart Muscle and Their Cardiopathogenic Implications

Sauer, Frank; Kramer, J. K. G.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4757-4448-4_8

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…The mode of action for cardiac lipidosis outlined for rats exposed to erucic acid is also consistent with observations made with structurally related fatty acids and with other species of experimental animals. Oils containing other monounsaturated fatty acids with 20 or more carbon atoms also induce transient cardiac lipidosis in rats and are poor substrates for mitochondrial b-oxidation (Sauer and Kramer, 1980). Based on in vitro data, the pig heart appears to be somewhat more efficient in the b-oxidation of erucic acid compared to the rat heart.…”

Section: Cardiac Lipidosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It regresses after termination but also upon continuation of the high erucic acid diet. Numerous studies suggest that the major reason for this adaptation resides in the induction of the peroxisomal b-oxidation system of the liver and also in the heart, whereas the mitochondrial b-oxidation systems appear not to be induced in both organs (Sauer and Kramer, 1980;Bremer and Norum, 1982). As a high proportion of the dietary fat (estimated to be at least 50%) passes through the liver, an enhanced hepatic peroxisomal b-oxidation of erucic acid would lower the influx of this fatty acid to the heart and eventually lead to the regression of cardiac lipidosis, facilitated by the rapid turnover (estimated to be about 5 h) of cardiac triacylglycerols.…”

Section: Cardiac Lipidosismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Erucic acid in feed and food

Knutsen¹,

Alexander²,

Barregård³

et al. 2016

EFS2

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Erucic acid is the trivial name of the fatty acid cis-13-docosenoic acid and occurs at high concentrations mainly in the seeds of species of the Brassicaceae (e.g. rape seed or mustard seed). The European Commission requested EFSA to deliver a scientific opinion on the risks for animal and human health related to the presence of erucic acid in feed and food. For most humans, the main contributor to dietary exposure to erucic acid was the food group 'Fine bakery wares'. In 'Infants', 'Food for infants and small children' was the main contributor to exposure. The heart is the principal target organ for toxic effects after exposure. Myocardial lipidosis was identified as the critical effect for chronic exposure to erucic acid. This effect is reversible and transient during prolonged exposure. A tolerable daily intake (TDI) of 7 mg/kg body weight (bw) per day for erucic acid was established, based on a no observed adverse effect level of 0.7 g/kg bw per day for lipidosis in young rats and newborn piglets. Mean chronic exposure of the different groups of the population did not exceed the TDI. The two highest 95th percentile dietary exposure levels were observed for infants (ranging from 1.7 to 7.4 mg/kg bw per day, minimum lower bound (LB) -maximum upper bound (UB)) and other children (ranging from 2.1 to 9.5 mg/kg bw per day, minimum LB -maximum UB), the last max UB estimate being above the TDI. This may indicate a risk for young individuals with high erucic acid exposure. In pigs, levels of erucic acid are unlikely to represent a health concern. However, for poultry, the small margin between the lowest observed adverse effect level (LOAEL) and the estimated exposure may indicate a health risk where maximum inclusion rates are applied. Due to the absence of adequate data, the risk for ruminants, horses, fish and rabbits could not be assessed.

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Section: Cardiac Lipidosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cardiac Lipidosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Erucic acid in feed and food

Knutsen¹,

Alexander²,

Barregård³

et al. 2016

EFS2

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Improved methods for the isolation and study of the C₁₈, C₂₀ and C₂₂ monoethylenic fatty acid isomers of biological samples: Hg adducts, HPLC, AgNO₃‐TLC/FID, and ozonolysis

Sébédio

Farquharson

Ackman

1982

Lipids

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The monoethylenic isomers of C18, C20 and C22 chain lengths of the depot fat of a nonhominid primate (cynomolgus monkeys,Macaca fascicularis), fed a partially hydrogenated herring oil (IV=76.0) for 30 months, were examined by 2 different approaches. The first isolation method involved preparative gas liquid chromatography and argentation thin layer chromatography (TLC). The second sequence involved a chain-length fractionation system based on the TLC of the methoxy-bromomercuri quence involved a chain-length fractionation system based on the TLC of the methoxy-bromomercuri adducts of the total methyl esters to isolate groups of acids of common degrees of unsaturation, and then high performance liquid chromatography on a reverse-phase column. In both cases, the monoethylenic isomer distribution was determined by ozonolysis in BF3/MeOH. Comparable results were obtained with the 2 methods. The second approach is recommended for small biological samples, especially for those containing a relatively high proportion of di- and other polyethylenic isomers which might interfere.

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The Metabolism of Docosenoic Acids in the Heart

Sauer¹,

Kramer²

1983

High &Amp;#x0026; Low Erucic Acid Rapeseed Oils

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The Metabolism of Long-Chain Monoenoic Fatty Acids in Heart Muscle and Their Cardiopathogenic Implications

Cited by 9 publications

References 94 publications

Erucic acid in feed and food

Erucic acid in feed and food

Improved methods for the isolation and study of the C₁₈, C₂₀ and C₂₂ monoethylenic fatty acid isomers of biological samples: Hg adducts, HPLC, AgNO₃‐TLC/FID, and ozonolysis

The Metabolism of Docosenoic Acids in the Heart

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The Metabolism of Long-Chain Monoenoic Fatty Acids in Heart Muscle and Their Cardiopathogenic Implications

Cited by 9 publications

References 94 publications

Erucic acid in feed and food

Erucic acid in feed and food

Improved methods for the isolation and study of the C18, C20 and C22 monoethylenic fatty acid isomers of biological samples: Hg adducts, HPLC, AgNO3‐TLC/FID, and ozonolysis

The Metabolism of Docosenoic Acids in the Heart

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About

Improved methods for the isolation and study of the C₁₈, C₂₀ and C₂₂ monoethylenic fatty acid isomers of biological samples: Hg adducts, HPLC, AgNO₃‐TLC/FID, and ozonolysis