The metabolism of saccharin in animals

Lethco, E. J.; Wallace, Wendell C.

doi:10.1016/0300-483x(75)90030-x

Cited by 42 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Following this schedule of treatment, the 24-hr excretion again amounted to -80% of the daily dose. These data are in good agreement with previous reports indicating that I is excreted in the urine rapidly and almost completely in humans and laboratory animals (6,7). This observation is consistent with the relatively short plasma half-life of I, which is poorly metabolized.…”

supporting

confidence: 82%

GLC-mass Fragmentographic Determination of Saccharin in Biological Fluids

Pantarotto

Salmona

Fanelli

et al. 1981

Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

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supporting

confidence: 82%

GLC-mass Fragmentographic Determination of Saccharin in Biological Fluids

Pantarotto

Salmona

Fanelli

et al. 1981

Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

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“…In the case of NAS, one may consider a direct effect, in which bacteria that can metabolize NAS as energy source thrive, while others may experience toxicity. Such a direct effect is indeed plausible in the case of saccharin and sucralose, as both are largely not metabolized by the host's body 35,57 and have been previously demonstrated to affect the growth of certain bacteria. [58][59][60] Our findings suggest such direct effect of saccharin on the microbiome, and functional analysis of the saccharin-associated metagenome indicated that several pathways involved in metabolism of heterocyclic compounds were enriched, suggesting that saccharin exposure may have been associated with expansion of bacteria capable of utilizing it.…”

Section: Challenges: Toward Mechanistic Understanding Of Nas Effectsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Non-caloric artificial sweeteners and the microbiome: findings and challenges

et al. 2015

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These authors equally contributed to this work. N on-caloric artificial sweeteners (NAS) are common food supplements consumed by millions worldwide as means of combating weight gain and diabetes, by retaining sweet taste without increasing caloric intake. While they are considered safe, there is increasing controversy regarding their potential ability to promote metabolic derangements in some humans. We recently demonstrated that NAS consumption could induce glucose intolerance in mice and distinct human subsets, by functionally altering the gut microbiome. In this commentary, we discuss these findings in the context of previous and recent works demonstrating the effects of NAS on host health and the microbiome, and the challenges and open questions that need to be addressed in understanding the effects of NAS consumption on human health.

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“…Most evidence suggests that saccharin is hardly metabolized in the rat or monkey (Pitkin et al, 1971;Kennedy et al, 1972;Matthews et al, 1973;Lethco & Wallace, 1975) and not at all in man (Byard et al, 1974;Golberg, 1974 (Kennedy et al, 1976). Nevertheless, saccharin is not entirely biologically inert; it is, for example, the most effective inhibitor, among a variety of structural analogues tested, of phosphotransferase and phosphohydrolase activities of glucose-6-phosphatase (Lygre, 1974).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of the rat to saccharin with particular reference to the urinary bladder

Chowaniec¹,

Hicks²

1979

Br J Cancer

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Summary.-Male and female Wistar rats were administered sodium saccharin for life (2 yr) either in the drinking water or diet. The maximum palatable dose of saccharin in the drinking water was found to be 2 g/kg/day and, even then, there was some voluntary restriction of fluid intake in the males. By contrast, double this dose -namely 4 g/kg/day, was palatable in the diet. A control group of rats of both sexes received saccharin-free diet and drinking water. Mild urothelial hyperplasias developed from 85 weeks in rats of both sexes receiving saccharin either in the drinking water or diet; the incidence was statistically significant in both the bladders and kidneys of rats receiving the higher dose of saccharin in the diet, but in the kidneys only of rats receiving the lower dose of saccharin in the drinking water. Telangiectasia of the vasa recta was significant in saccharin-treated rats of both sexes at both doses. A very low incidence of bladder tumours, exclusively in males receiving the higher saccharin dose in the diet was seen from 95 weeks. No consistent relationship between bladder epithelial hyperplasias and crystalluria could be demonstrated, although all 3 bladder tumours were associated with some form of mineralisation. Results suggest a particular susceptibility of males to saccharin treatment. The possibility that saccharin may promote, or enhance, the development of latent tumour cells already present in the experimental population, rather than initiate carcinogenesis per se is considered.

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The metabolism of saccharin in animals

Cited by 42 publications

References 6 publications

GLC-mass Fragmentographic Determination of Saccharin in Biological Fluids

GLC-mass Fragmentographic Determination of Saccharin in Biological Fluids

Non-caloric artificial sweeteners and the microbiome: findings and challenges

Response of the rat to saccharin with particular reference to the urinary bladder

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