THE METALLURGY of the WILBURTON HOARDS

Northover, Peter

doi:10.1111/j.1468-0092.1982.tb00299.x

Cited by 19 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Regarding impurities, it must be noted that the presence of elements other than the main alloy constituents is very scarce in the metal objects from the LBA in the Iberian Peninsula [10], in opposition with what happens in other Central European and Atlantic areas where, at some stages, As, Sb, Ag or Pb appear in excess of 0.5%, being able to reach even values over 1% [11,12].…”

Section: Impuritiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late Bronze Age hoard studied by PIXE

Neira

Zucchiatti

Montero‐Ruiz

et al. 2011

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B:

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The hoards of metallic objects belonging to the Late European Bronze Age can be interpreted differently depending on the type, number and composition of the artefacts. PIXE analysis has been performed in nine items from the Hoard of Freixanda in Portugal comprising 4 socket axes, a palstave axe, a ring, a chisel, a dagger, and a casting debris. Besides the composition of the main matrix elements, that is Cu and Sn, the amount of trace elements of interest like, As, Pb, Ni and Ag has been determined using this ion beam technique. The high tin content alloy and the high purity of the metals from the Freixanda hoard are characteristic of the Portuguese and Spanish Late Bronze Age metallurgy, supporting the idea of a regional production.

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Section: Impuritiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late Bronze Age hoard studied by PIXE

Neira

Zucchiatti

Montero‐Ruiz

et al. 2011

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B:

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“…Such low levels of lead are probably impurities in the metal. This contrasts with the late Bronze Age (Northover 1982a) where almost all objects have several percent or more of lead present. The lower lead levels in Iron Age copper alloys make it unlikely that recycled Bronze Age scrap was a significant source of metal in the Iron Age.…”

Section: Alloying In the Iron Age: Leadmentioning

confidence: 41%

“…Junghans et al 1960;. This section examines the origins of Iron Age copper metallurgy and its relationship with late Bronze Age metallurgy (Brown & Blin-Stoyle 1959;Northover 1982a). The basis of prehistoric chronologies is the Three Age system which assumes the primacy of technology as a means of dating.…”

Section: Late Bronze Age/earliest Iron Agementioning

confidence: 99%

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Iron Age and Roman copper alloys from northern Britain

Dungworth¹

1997

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The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source• a link is made to the metadata record in Durham E-Theses• the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. of peaks in the distribution of zinc and tin contents that represent specific alloy types which were commonly produced. The largest peak relates to the commonest alloy: bronze. The second peak relates to brass and the third to copper. All the remaining analyses fall into a diffuse area between the bronze and the brass peaks, and these are referred to by the modern term gunmetal.It is clear that copper alloys were recycled and that some care was taken over the ways in which this occurred. The lack of low zinc brasses shows that this alloy was rarely recycled on its own. If brass was recycled then it was always mixed with some bronze. The proportions of bronze and brass that were mixed varied widely as there is no distinct peak within the distribution of the zinc and tin contents of gunmetals.The thesis uses this overall view of Roman copper metallurgy (and that derived from previous work) to examine changes in alloy production and use. The results (interpreted in the light of metallurgical theory and practice, and of wider archaeological theory and data) challenge many of the traditional accounts of chronological and cultural change, and of the deposition processes operating in the Roman period.

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“…Where there are two records for a single mould, these relate to readings from the two valves. With the exception of the results published by Blin-Stoyle (1959), Green (1973) and Northover (1982), all analyses were carried out by Paul Craddock of the British Museum with the following methodology. The moulds were sampled by drilling with a size 60 (1mm diameter) steel bit and typically between 10 and 20mgm of clean turnings were collected for analysis.…”

Section: Appendicesmentioning

confidence: 99%