The methanol extract of Euonymus laxiflorus, Rubia lanceolata and Gardenia jasminoides inhibits xanthine oxidase and reduce serum uric acid level in rats

Liu, Yan-Jin; Cheng, Shu Fen; Shieh, Po Chuen; Lee, Jang Chang; Chen, Jih Jung; Ho, Chi Tang; Kuo, Sheng Chu; Kuo, Daih Huang; Huang, Li Jiau; Way, Tzong‐Der

doi:10.1016/j.fct.2014.05.004

Cited by 36 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…For quantitative measurement of free radical scavenging activity of EAG, DPPH radical assay was carried out according to the method described previously [ 13 ]. Briefly, a stock solution (50 mg/mL) of EAG and a working solution of DPPH (250 μM) were freshly prepared and diluted with methanol.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypouricemic Effect of Ethanol Extract of Aster glehni Leaves in Potassium Oxonate-Induced Hyperuricemic Rats

et al. 2018

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The prevalence of gout is increasing worldwide, and control of serum uric acid level has been regarded as one of the therapeutic methods for gout. Inhibition of xanthine oxidase (XO) activity which can oxidize hypoxanthine to uric acid has been commonly proposed to decrease serum uric acid level. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the hypouricemic effect of ethanol extract of Aster glehni leaves (EAG) by in vitro and in vivo study in potassium oxonate (PO)-induced hyperuricemic rats. EAG possessed 132.5 ± 6.8 mg QE/g of total flavonoid and showed antioxidant activity. EAG showed in vitro and in vivo inhibitory activity against XO and significantly decreased serum uric acid level in PO-induced hyperuricemic rats without liver toxicity. These results show that EAG significantly attenuates hyperuricemia by inhibiting XO activity, which resulted in the decrease of serum uric acid level. Therefore, EAG might possess a potential therapeutic ability for improving gout.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypouricemic Effect of Ethanol Extract of Aster glehni Leaves in Potassium Oxonate-Induced Hyperuricemic Rats

et al. 2018

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“…19) had the potential to be XO inhibitors with mixed-type inhibition. 186 pseudotheobromae exhibited the highest XO inhibition with an IC 50 value of 0.61 g/mL and was found to be better than allopurinol exhibiting an IC 50 of 0.937 g/ml. 190 Di Majo et al performed experiments to assess the dose-dependent effects of quercetin, kaempferol, (+)-catechin, and (−)-epicatechin on superoxide radical production through the modulation of manganese superoxide dismutase and XO activities.…”

Section: Natural Nonpurine Analogsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…It was shown that 4‐HAP and B2−3′‐ O ‐gallate (Fig. ) had the potential to be XO inhibitors with mixed‐type inhibition . Liu et al.…”

Section: Xanthine Oxidasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The IC 50 value for allopurinol was 25 μg/mL and that for Rineloricaria lanceolate methanolic extract was 538.2 ± 14.8 μg/mL. The bioactive constituents identified were mollugin, 1‐hydroxy‐2‐methyl‐9,10‐anthraquinone, rubiadin, alizarin, lucidin ethyl ether, 2‐methylquinizarin, 3‐carbomethoxy‐1‐hydroxy‐9,10‐anthraquinone, and ω‐hydroxy‐pachybasin . Hajdu et al.…”

Section: Xanthine Oxidasementioning

confidence: 99%

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Toward an Understanding of Structural Insights of Xanthine and Aldehyde Oxidases: An Overview of their Inhibitors and Role in Various Diseases

Kumar

Joshi

Kler

et al. 2017

Medicinal Research Reviews

101

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Almost all drug molecules become the substrates for oxidoreductase enzymes, get metabolized into more hydrophilic products and eliminated from the body. These metabolites sometime may be more potent, active, inactive, or toxic in nature compared to parent molecule. Xanthine oxidoreductase and aldehyde oxidase belong to molybdenum containing family and are well characterized for their structures and functions, in particular to their ability to oxidize/hydroxylate the xenobiotics. Their upregulated clinical levels causing oxidative stress are associated with pathways either directly involved in the progression of diseases, gout, or indirectly with the succession of other diseases such as diabetes, cancer, etc. Herein, we have put forth a comprehensive review on the xanthine and aldehyde oxidases pertaining to their structures, functions, pathophysiological role, and a comparative analysis of structural insights of xanthine and aldehyde oxidases' binding domains with endogenous ligands or inhibitors. Though both the enzymes are molybdenum containing and are likely to share some common pathways and interact with inhibitors in a similar manner but we have focused on structural prerequisites for inhibitor specificity to both the enzymes keeping in view of the existing X-ray structures. This review also provides futuristic implications in the design of inhibitors derived from inorganic complexes or small organic molecules considering the spatial features and structural insights of both the enzymes.

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“…Recently, some compounds possessing α-amylase inhibitory activity were isolated and identified from the methanolic extract of the trunk bark of Euonymus laxiflorus Champ. [ 18 ]; as well, several compounds showing anti-nitro oxide activity were isolated from its leaves [ 19 ]. However, no compounds showing α-glucosidase inhibitory property were reported to be isolated and identified from this herbal species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Potent Hypoglycemic Compounds from Euonymus laxiflorus Champ. and Their Effect on Reducing Plasma Glucose in an ICR Mouse Model

et al. 2018

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α-Glucosidase inhibitors (aGIs) have been used as an effective therapy for type-2 diabetes, which remains a global health issue. The aim of this study was to achieve bioactivity-guided isolation, identification and evaluation of hypoglycemic compounds from Euonymus laxiflorus Champ. trunk bark (ELCTB). Eleven active compounds were isolated and identified as walterolactone A/B β-d-pyranoglucoside (1), 1-β-d-glucopyranosyloxy-3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxybenzene (9), (−)-gallocatechin (10), schweinfurthinol 9-O-β-d-pyranoglucoside (11), 1-O-(3-methyl)-butenoyl-myo-inositol (12), leonuriside (14), (+)-catechin (19), methyl galloate (20), (−)-catechin (23), and condensed tannins (5 and 18). Of these 11, novel 4 compounds (1, 11, 12, and 14) were found as new α-glucosidase inhibitors. Notably, in vitro results indicated that compounds 1, 5, 10–12, 18, and 19 showed potent activity (IC50 = 0.076−31 µg/mL), and their activities were at a higher level than that of acarbose, a commercial inhibitor (IC50 = 1345 µg/mL). In animal tests, the major inhibitor, condensed tannin (18), demonstrated significant reduction of plasma glucose in mice with no symptoms of diarrhea at the dose of 100 mg/kg bw. The results suggest that Euonymus laxiflorus Champ. is a rich source of bioactive compounds for development as health food or drugs with potent hypoglycemic effect. The results of this study also enriched the current novel biological activities of constituents from Euonymus laxiflorus species.

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The methanol extract of Euonymus laxiflorus, Rubia lanceolata and Gardenia jasminoides inhibits xanthine oxidase and reduce serum uric acid level in rats

Cited by 36 publications

References 28 publications

Hypouricemic Effect of Ethanol Extract of Aster glehni Leaves in Potassium Oxonate-Induced Hyperuricemic Rats

Hypouricemic Effect of Ethanol Extract of Aster glehni Leaves in Potassium Oxonate-Induced Hyperuricemic Rats

Toward an Understanding of Structural Insights of Xanthine and Aldehyde Oxidases: An Overview of their Inhibitors and Role in Various Diseases

Novel Potent Hypoglycemic Compounds from Euonymus laxiflorus Champ. and Their Effect on Reducing Plasma Glucose in an ICR Mouse Model

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