The method of chicken whole embryo culture using the eggshell windowing, surrogate eggshell andex ovoculture system

Abstract

1. The unique accessibility of the avian embryo have made them an ideal model for the study of development and genome editing. Chicken whole embryo culture has provided important insights into toxicity tests, gene manipulation, clarifying gene functions, cell transplantation and cell tracking. 2. A simple technique for chicken manipulation is eggshell windowing, without or with seal, the latter having demonstrated some improvement in hatching rates. 3. Likewise, a surrogate eggshell system provides an accessible model for manipulation during chicken and quail development, with a higher hatchability compared to the simple windowing method. 4. The development of the chicken ex ovo culture systems in a synthetic environment as an efficient technique for imaging and microsurgery applications has enabled the study of important events of live chicken embryos at a specific time point. 5. This short review illustrates recent applications of well-designed whole embryo culture systems as a robust model for research into numerous biological mechanism, drug discovery, gene manipulating and production of functional proteins.

Study on the Efficient Methods for Chicken Eggshell windowing and the Factors Affecting the Hatchability

“…Compared with mammals, birds were deemed to be an ideal model and bioreactor for developmental biology for their shorter generation time, lower cost, higher fecundity (Stern et al, 2005). It showed that the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) provided a flexible and lowcost in ovo strategy model and as the CAM was an extraembryonic membrane with an extensive vascular network and it was proposed as an excellent interface for xenotransplantation (Farzaneh et al,2018). The combination of a surrogate eggshell system and PGCs (primordial germline cells) mediated transplantation technique could be a valuable tool for avian germline manipulation and production of recombinant proteins in eggs (Farzaneh et al,2018).…”

“…It showed that the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) provided a flexible and lowcost in ovo strategy model and as the CAM was an extraembryonic membrane with an extensive vascular network and it was proposed as an excellent interface for xenotransplantation (Farzaneh et al,2018). The combination of a surrogate eggshell system and PGCs (primordial germline cells) mediated transplantation technique could be a valuable tool for avian germline manipulation and production of recombinant proteins in eggs (Farzaneh et al,2018). The chick embryo has become a research hotspot in several research fields, such as genetics, virology, cancer, cell biology (Farzaneh et al,2018;Wang et al,2019), as well as transgenic technology and germline modification in animal husbandry (Zhang et al,2013;Liu et al, 2013;Lee et al, 2015;Farzaneh et al, 2018;Wang et al, 2019 ) .…”

“…The methods of culturing chick embryo in windowed eggs provided an easy way for genetic manipulations of the embryo (Farzaneh et al, 2018). The use of eggs windowing technology can be illustrated in Figure 2.…”

Antifibrotic Activity and In Ovo Toxicity Study of Liver-Targeted Curcumin-Gold Nanoparticle

“…In this study, we perform an in ovo toxicity test of cAuNPs. In ovo culture of fertilized eggs is a valuable method for the study of chicken development, egg manipulation, and toxicity [32]. In ovo has a more complex biological environment when compared to cell line.…”

Novel insight into tricephalic white leghorn strain of Gallus gallus chicken embryo

“…Avian are a good model for in-vitro and in-ovo research. [1][2][3][4][5] Two-headed (bicephalia) and three-headed (tricephalia) or polycephalia animals are the only type of multi-headed creatures seen in the environment. 6,7 These abnormalities form by the same process that leads two or three heads joined directly to each other.…”