The microbial nitrogen cycle

Jetten, Mike S. M.

doi:10.1111/j.1462-2920.2008.01786.x

Cited by 234 publications

(145 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…The microbiology of this cycle has been significantly revised with the recognition that key processes are more broadly distributed among the primary domains of life than previously thought (25,34). Until recently, bacterial nitrification coupled with denitrification was considered the only process directing fixed nitrogen back to the atmosphere as N 2 .…”

Section: Nitrate-storing Foraminifers: Implications For the Marine Nimentioning

confidence: 99%

Widespread occurrence of nitrate storage and denitrification among Foraminifera andGromiida

Piña-Ochoa

Høgslund

Geslin

et al. 2009

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

256

259

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Benthic foraminifers inhabit a wide range of aquatic environments including open marine, brackish, and freshwater environments. Here we show that several different and diverse foraminiferal groups (miliolids, rotaliids, textulariids) and Gromia , another taxon also belonging to Rhizaria, accumulate and respire nitrates through denitrification. The widespread occurrence among distantly related organisms suggests an ancient origin of the trait. The diverse metabolic capacity of these organisms, which enables them to respire with oxygen and nitrate and to sustain respiratory activity even when electron acceptors are absent from the environment, may be one of the reasons for their successful colonization of diverse marine sediment environments. The contribution of eukaryotes to the removal of fixed nitrogen by respiration may equal the importance of bacterial denitrification in ocean sediments.

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Section: Nitrate-storing Foraminifers: Implications For the Marine Nimentioning

confidence: 99%

Widespread occurrence of nitrate storage and denitrification among Foraminifera andGromiida

Piña-Ochoa

Høgslund

Geslin

et al. 2009

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

256

259

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“…Nitrogen fixation counteracts the loss of gaseous nitrogen to the atmosphere through microbial nitrification and denitrification by constantly replenishing the bioavailable nitrogen pool through the fixation of atmospheric N 2 into organic nitrogen (Jetten, 2008). The key enzyme of microbial nitrogen fixation is the highly oxygen sensitive nitrogenase encoded by the gene nifH.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The loss of anthropogenic nitrogen to the environment causes many problems from increasing freshwater nitrate concentrations to raising nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions that accelerate global climate change (Duce et al, 2008). A better understanding of the structure and functioning of microbial communities involved in nitrogen transformations (such as nitrification, denitrification and nitrogen fixation) is a prerequisite to potentially counteract effects of nitrogen pollutions (Jetten, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linking N2O emissions from biochar-amended soil to the structure and function of the N-cycling microbial community

Harter¹,

Krause²,

Schuettler³

et al. 2013

The ISME Journal

539

258

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Nitrous oxide (N 2 O) contributes 8% to global greenhouse gas emissions. Agricultural sources represent about 60% of anthropogenic N 2 O emissions. Most agricultural N 2 O emissions are due to increased fertilizer application. A considerable fraction of nitrogen fertilizers are converted to N 2 O by microbiological processes (that is, nitrification and denitrification). Soil amended with biochar (charcoal created by pyrolysis of biomass) has been demonstrated to increase crop yield, improve soil quality and affect greenhouse gas emissions, for example, reduce N 2 O emissions. Despite several studies on variations in the general microbial community structure due to soil biochar amendment, hitherto the specific role of the nitrogen cycling microbial community in mitigating soil N 2 O emissions has not been subject of systematic investigation. We performed a microcosm study with a water-saturated soil amended with different amounts (0%, 2% and 10% (w/w)) of high-temperature biochar. By quantifying the abundance and activity of functional marker genes of microbial nitrogen fixation (nifH), nitrification (amoA) and denitrification (nirK, nirS and nosZ) using quantitative PCR we found that biochar addition enhanced microbial nitrous oxide reduction and increased the abundance of microorganisms capable of N 2 -fixation. Soil biochar amendment increased the relative gene and transcript copy numbers of the nosZ-encoded bacterial N 2 O reductase, suggesting a mechanistic link to the observed reduction in N 2 O emissions. Our findings contribute to a better understanding of the impact of biochar on the nitrogen cycling microbial community and the consequences of soil biochar amendment for microbial nitrogen transformation processes and N 2 O emissions from soil.

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“…Recent molecular studies have increased indications for the importance of archaeal ammonia oxidizers in the nitrogen cycle (reviewed by Jetten, 2008;Prosser & Nicol, 2008;Schauss et al, 2009), thus compelling us to investigate the effect of different land-use systems on archaeal communities and, more specifically, ammonia oxidizers in tropical soils.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Land-use systems affect Archaeal community structure and functional diversity in western Amazon soils

Navarrete¹,

Taketani²,

Mendes³

et al. 2011

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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SUMMARYThe study of the ecology of soil microbial communities at relevant spatial scales is primordial in the wide Amazon region due to the current land use changes. In this study, the diversity of the Archaea domain (community structure) and ammonia-oxidizing Archaea (richness and community composition) were investigated using molecular biology- (H' = 1,9629; D = 0,1715), cultivo agrícola (H' = 1,4613; D = 0,3309) e floresta secundária (H' = 0,8633; D = 0,5405

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The microbial nitrogen cycle

Cited by 234 publications

References 55 publications

Widespread occurrence of nitrate storage and denitrification among Foraminifera andGromiida

Widespread occurrence of nitrate storage and denitrification among Foraminifera andGromiida

Linking N2O emissions from biochar-amended soil to the structure and function of the N-cycling microbial community

Land-use systems affect Archaeal community structure and functional diversity in western Amazon soils

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