The microbiome and breast cancer: a review

Chen, Jennifer H.; Douglass, Jacqueline; Prasath, Vishnu; Neace, Meghan; Atrchian, Siavash; Manjili, Masoud H.; Shokouhi, Shervin; Habibi, Mehran

doi:10.1007/s10549-019-05407-5

Cited by 103 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Together, the stimulation of probiotics with prebiotics could exert a superior health effect in comparison to the single administration [ 12 ]. Recent studies show that the microbiota of women with breast cancer differs from that of healthy women, indicating that certain bacteria may be associated with different responses to therapy [ [15] , [16] , [17] ]. Also, some evidence has shown that synbiotic supplementation is accompanied by favourable changes on markers of inflammation and oxidative stress and also, increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes in BCRL patients [ 18 , 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calorie restriction and synbiotics effect on quality of life and edema reduction in breast cancer-related lymphedema, a clinical trial

et al. 2020

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Background Little evidence exists regarding the clinical value of synbiotics in the management of post-treatment complications of breast cancer especially breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL). This study aimed to investigate the effects of synbiotic supplementation along with calorie restriction on quality of life and edema volume in patients with BCRL. Methods This randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial was conducted on 135 overweight and obese women with BCRL aged 18–65 years old. Participants were randomly allocated to receive a calorie-restricted diet plus 10 9 CFU synbiotic supplement (CRS group; n = 45) or placebo (CRP group; n = 45), daily for 10 weeks. Also, a control group (n = 45) with no intervention was included in the trial. All of the participants received Complete Decongestive Therapy for lymphedema treatment. The quality of life score, edema volume and body mass index (BMI) were measured at baseline and end of the trial. Results A total of 121 subjects completed the trial. CRS group showed a significant decrease in the total quality of life score (P = 0.004), and it’s psychosocial ( P = 0.022) and functional ( P = 0.002) domain scores, as well as edema volume ( P = 0.002) and BMI ( P < 0.001) in comparison to the control. However, there were no significant differences in changes in trial outcomes between the CRS and CRP groups. Conclusion Synbiotic supplementation along with a low-calorie diet was effective in quality of life, edema volume, and BMI improvement; mostly due to low-calorie diet. It seems that adding a dietitian consultation on the lymphedema management strategy may provide a better result in lymphedema control.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calorie restriction and synbiotics effect on quality of life and edema reduction in breast cancer-related lymphedema, a clinical trial

et al. 2020

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“…Microbiota in the intestine contributes to colorectal cancer via the pro-oncogenic activities and also via inducement of the wider bacterial community, especially its metabolome [97]. Dysbiosis means that the harmful bacteria outperform the benign bacteria, leading to diseases, including cancers [98]. Indeed, the gut microbiota undergoes many changes in composition during colorectal cancer; this indicates the main role of dysbiosis in colorectal cancer [87].…”

Section: Fusobacterium Nucleatum and Colorectal Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The commensal microorganisms associated with normal breast tissue and breast diseases are not well understood. Collectively, studies have revealed that breast tissue has a distinct microbiome with specific types fertilized in the breast tissue itself, as well as exudation of the nipple and intestinal bacteria for women with breast cancer [ 98 ].…”

Section: Cancer Induced By Bacterial Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The role of certain bacteria in breast cancer is complex, including the interactions between bacteria and host cells [ 102 ]. Chen et al have shown that particular species of microbiome exist in breast tissue with bacteria in the nipple and gut in women suffering from breast cancer; these bacteria modulate the therapeutic response and are used as biomarkers for knowing the stage of breast cancer and diagnosing it [ 98 ]. It was found that women with breast cancer had higher relative abundance bacilli, staphylococci , and E. coli , isolated from breast cancer patients, and they demonstrated induction of DNA at double-stranded breaks in HeLa cells by using histon-2AX (H2AX) phosphorylation ( γ -H2AX) assay [ 103 ].…”

Section: Cancer Induced By Bacterial Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dual Role of Bacteria in Carcinoma: Stimulation and Inhibition

Al-Hilu

Al-Shujairi

2020

International Journal of Microbiology

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Although what unifies the carcinogenic microorganisms has not been determined by multiple studies, the role of bacteria in the development of neoplasms has not been properly elucidated. In this review, we discuss links between the bacterial species and cancer, with focus on immune responses for the stimulation of tumor cells such as induction of inflammation. Finally, we will describe the potential therapeutic strategies of bacteria on target tumors to improve treatment while mitigating adverse reactions. Cancer is a series of genetic changes that transform normal cells into tumor cells. These changes come from several reasons, including smoking, drinking alcohol, sunlight, exposure to chemical or physical factors, and finally chronic infection with microorganisms, including bacteria. In fact, bacterial infections are not carcinogenic, but recently it was discovered that the association between bacteria and cancer is through two mechanisms, the first stimulating chronic inflammation and the second producing carcinogenic metabolites. While bacteria are carcinogenic agents also, they have a dual role eliminating and removing tumor cells. However, the traditional cancer treatments that include chemotherapy, radiotherapy, surgery, and immunotherapy increase the chances of survival, and there are many side effects of these therapies, including the high toxicity of tissues and normal cells, could not penetrate the tumor cells, and resistance of these therapies by tumor cells. Therefore, the world has turned to an alternative solution, which is the use of genetically engineered microorganisms; thus, the use of living bacteria targeting cancerous cells is the unique option to overcome these challenges. Bacterial therapies, whether used alone or combination with chemotherapy, give a positive effect to treat multiple conditions of cancer. Also, bacteria can be used as vectors for drug, gene, or therapy, and this is a great step to treat cancer. Thus, we review the mechanisms underlying the interaction of the microbiota residents with cancer. Cancer-associated bacteria differ from those in healthy human and are linked with gene-expression profile. We also discuss how live bacteria interact with tumor microenvironments to induce tumor regression through colonization and spread. Finally, we provide past and ongoing clinical trials that include bacteria targeting tumors.

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“…Most studies focusing on the human microbiome and cancer have investigated the role of the bacteriome on mucosal surfaces in the gastrointestinal tract. The role of the microbiome in non-mucosal cancers such as breast and prostate cancers is also under investigation (Sfanos et al, 2017 ; Chen et al, 2019 ). This Research Topic brings together a collection of studies investigating the microbiome of the oral and gastrointestinal (GIT) microbiomes, combining original research and up to date reviews.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%