The Microbiome That Shapes Us: Can It Cause Obesity?

Omer, Endashaw; Atassi, Hadi

doi:10.1007/s11894-017-0600-y

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 21 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Through the portal vein that connects the liver to the gastrointestinal tract, the liver is exposed to the influence of the gut microbiome. Perturbations of the gut microbiome, coupled with disturbances in gut barrier function, have been associated with common liver disorders, such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease [138][139][140], non-alcoholic steatohepatitis [139,[141][142][143][144][145][146][147][148][149][150][151][152], alcoholic liver disease [139,140,142,145,147,148,150,151,[153][154][155][156][157][158][159][160][161][162][163][164], and liver cirrhosis [165][166][167][168][169][170]. Thus, the microbiome serves as a modulator of liver rhythmic functions.…”

Section: Liver Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiome diurnal rhythmicity and its impact on host physiology and disease risk

2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Host–microbiome interactions constitute key determinants of host physiology, while their dysregulation is implicated in a wide range of human diseases. The microbiome undergoes diurnal variation in composition and function, and this in turn drives oscillations in host gene expression and functions. In this review, we discuss the newest developments in understanding circadian host–microbiome interplays, and how they may be relevant in health and disease contexts. We summarize the molecular mechanisms by which the microbiome influences host function in a diurnal manner, and inversely describe how the host orchestrates circadian rhythmicity of the microbiome. Furthermore, we highlight the future perspectives and challenges in studying this new and exciting facet of host–microbiome interactions. Finally, we illustrate how the elucidation of the microbiome chronobiology may pave the way for novel therapeutic approaches.

show abstract

Section: Liver Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiome diurnal rhythmicity and its impact on host physiology and disease risk

2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…As dysbiosis may contribute to body weight alterations and cardiometabolic outcomes (Angelakis et al 2013; Omer and Atassi 2017; Heiss and Olofsson 2017), SGA-induced dysbiosis has been hypothesized to cause adverse metabolic effects (Kanji et al 2018). In spite of reports linking specific changes in microbiota to weight gain and metabolic disturbances, the subject has not been comprehensively and systematically reviewed, and the mechanism underlying the potential influence of the microbiota on metabolic processes have not been discussed in detail, taking into account limitations regarding study quality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Second-generation antipsychotics and metabolism alterations: a systematic review of the role of the gut microbiome

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Rationale Multiple drugs are known to induce metabolic malfunctions, among them second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs). The pathogenesis of such adverse effects is of multifactorial origin. Objectives We investigated whether SGAs drive dysbiosis, assessed whether gut microbiota alterations affect body weight and metabolic outcomes, and looked for the possible mechanism of metabolic disturbances secondary to SGA treatment in animal and human studies. Methods A systematic literature search (PubMed/Medline/Embase/ClinicalTrials.gov/PsychInfo) was conducted from database inception until 03 July 2018 for studies that reported the microbiome and weight alterations in SGA-treated subjects. Results Seven articles reporting studies in mice (experiments = 8) and rats (experiments = 3) were included. Olanzapine was used in five and risperidone in six experiments. Only three articles (experiments = 4) in humans fit our criteria of using risperidone and mixed SGAs. The results confirmed microbiome alterations directly (rodent experiments = 5, human experiments = 4) or indirectly (rodent experiments = 4) with predominantly increased Firmicutes abundance relative to Bacteroidetes , as well as weight gain in rodents (experiments = 8) and humans (experiments = 4). Additionally, olanzapine administration was found to induce both metabolic alterations (adiposity, lipogenesis, plasma free fatty acid, and acetate levels increase) (experiments = 3) and inflammation (experiments = 2) in rodents, whereas risperidone suppressed the resting metabolic rate in rodents (experiments = 5) and elevated fasting blood glucose, triglycerides, LDL, hs-CRP, antioxidant superoxide dismutase, and HOMA-IR in humans (experiment = 1). One rodent study suggested a gender-dependent effect of dysbiosis on body weight. Conclusions Antipsychotic treatment-related microbiome alterations potentially result in body weight gain and metabolic disturbances. Inflammation and resting metabolic rate suppression seem to play crucial roles in the development of metabolic disorders. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00213-018-5102-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

show abstract

“…The obesity pandemic manifests to parallel the overuse of antibiotics. Additionally, the consumption of antibiotics and diet can modify the GM from childhood and this modified microbiota can alter the body habitus and metabolism of energy as well 110. Antibiotic-treated animals have a remarkable strategy to modulation of intestinal flora, and a decrease in gut bacteria’s count, LPS circulation and raises in SCFA levels and consequently attenuated activation of TLR-4 111.…”

Section: Treatment Targeting Gm In Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbiota and obesity: an overview of microbiota to microbial-based therapies

Baghi

Abbasi

Leylabadlo

et al. 2022

Postgraduate Medical Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The increasing prevalence of obesity and overweight is a significant public concern throughout the world. Obesity is a complex disorder involving an excessive amount of body fat. It is not just a cosmetic concern. It is a medical challenge that increases the risk of other diseases and health circumstances, such as diabetes, heart disease, high blood pressure and certain cancers. Environmental and genetic factors are involved in obesity as a significant metabolic disorder along with diabetes. Gut microbiota (GM) has a high potential for energy harvesting from the diet. In the current review, we aim to consider the role of GM, gut dysbiosis and significant therapies to treat obesity. Dietary modifications, probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics compounds, using faecal microbiota transplant, and other microbial-based therapies are the strategies to intervene in obesity reducing improvement. Each of these factors serves through various mechanisms including a variety of receptors and compounds to control body weight. Trial and animal investigations have indicated that GM can affect both sides of the energy-balancing equation; first, as an influencing factor for energy utilisation from the diet and also as an influencing factor that regulates the host genes and energy storage and expenditure. All the investigated articles declare the clear and inevitable role of GM in obesity. Overall, obesity and obesity-relevant metabolic disorders are characterised by specific modifications in the human microbiota’s composition and functions. The emerging therapeutic methods display positive and promising effects; however, further research must be done to update and complete existing knowledge.

show abstract

The Microbiome That Shapes Us: Can It Cause Obesity?

Cited by 17 publications

References 21 publications

Microbiome diurnal rhythmicity and its impact on host physiology and disease risk

Microbiome diurnal rhythmicity and its impact on host physiology and disease risk

Second-generation antipsychotics and metabolism alterations: a systematic review of the role of the gut microbiome

Gut microbiota and obesity: an overview of microbiota to microbial-based therapies

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About