The Microbiota–Gut–Brain Axis in Psychiatric Disorders

Góralczyk-Bińkowska, Aleksandra; Szmajda-Krygier, Dagmara; Kozłowska, Elżbieta

doi:10.3390/ijms231911245

Cited by 172 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 183 publications

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“…Recently, there is growing interest in the other serious consequences of gut microbiota imbalance. Gut dysbiosis impairs the function of the gut–brain axis, which is associated with the development of various neurological and psychiatric disorders such as anxiety, stress, major depressive disorder, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, autism spectrum disorder, and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, as well as Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, dementia, multiple sclerosis, and epilepsy [ 267 , 268 , 269 , 270 , 271 ].…”

Section: Possibility Of the Intestinal Microbiota Inhibition And Cons...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Possible Side Effects of Polyphenols and Their Interactions with Medicines

Duda-Chodak

Tarko

2023

Molecules

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Polyphenols are an important component of plant-derived food with a wide spectrum of beneficial effects on human health. For many years, they have aroused great interest, especially due to their antioxidant properties, which are used in the prevention and treatment of many diseases. Unfortunately, as with any chemical substance, depending on the conditions, dose, and interactions with the environment, it is possible for polyphenols to also exert harmful effects. This review presents a comprehensive current state of the knowledge on the negative impact of polyphenols on human health, describing the possible side effects of polyphenol intake, especially in the form of supplements. The review begins with a brief overview of the physiological role of polyphenols and their potential use in disease prevention, followed by the harmful effects of polyphenols which are exerted in particular situations. The individual chapters discuss the consequences of polyphenols’ ability to block iron uptake, which in some subpopulations can be harmful, as well as the possible inhibition of digestive enzymes, inhibition of intestinal microbiota, interactions of polyphenolic compounds with drugs, and impact on hormonal balance. Finally, the prooxidative activity of polyphenols as well as their mutagenic, carcinogenic, and genotoxic effects are presented. According to the authors, there is a need to raise public awareness about the possible side effects of polyphenols supplementation, especially in the case of vulnerable subpopulations.

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Section: Possibility Of the Intestinal Microbiota Inhibition And Cons...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Possible Side Effects of Polyphenols and Their Interactions with Medicines

Duda-Chodak

Tarko

2023

Molecules

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“…The microbiome is important for the immune system, brain and genome. A series of recent studies have demonstrated that the microbiome influences the central nervous system in multiple ways and influences the psychological state of individuals by mediating reactions to stress and anxiety (26)(27)(28)(29)(30). The enteric nervous system (ENS), composed of two layers of approximately 100 million nerve cells that line the digestive tract from the oesophagus to the rectum, is an independent centre for neural processing and integration.…”

Section: Figure 1 Direct and Indirect Mechanisms Of Bacteria Infectin...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Can oral microbiome dysbiosis affect the behavior of children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD)? : Narrative review

Tedjosasongko¹,

Oktaviani²,

Nadia³

et al. 2023

World J. Adv. Res. Rev.

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Background: Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are complex developmental disorders characterised by several levels of social interaction and communication difficulties. The prevalence of children with ASD worldwide is around 1:160, and the number of cases of autism has increased significantly. The oral microbiome is a diverse microbial biofilm with the second most complex microbiota in the human body after the gut. Several factors, such as lifestyle and health, can influence the oral microbiome’s composition and metabolism. Children with ASD generally have poorer oral hygiene and suffer from periodontal disease and dental caries more than typical children; this is associated with behavioural disturbances, such as communication limitations, motoric limitations, eating habits and the side effects of drugs. Continued oral microbiome dysbiosis can lead to gut microbiome dysbiosis. There are two hypotheses for the transmission of oral bacteria to the gut, via the hematogenous route or via the enteral route. Gut microbiome dysbiosis may regulate social behaviour, such as emotional dissonance and anxiety, through blood-brain-barrier and gut-brain-axis pathways. When there is inflammation of the periodontal tissue in ASD children, it can cause lipopolysaccharide (LPS) leakage to the blood-brain barrier (BBB) that can cause an inflammatory response and disrupt metabolic activity in the central nervous system. Oral dysbiosis, which continues into gut dysbiosis, can affect behaviour through the gut-brain axis. This review aims to determine the impact of oral microbiome dysbiosis on the behaviour of children with ASD.

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“…A balanced and appropriate composition of the gut microbiota confers health benefits; a disruption of this balance can reflect on brain function and behavior by acting through the microbiome–gut–brain axis [ 46 ], our “second brain” [ 45 ]. The relative abundance of the single species constituting the microbiota and its metabolites are associated with the onset of neurologic and psychiatric disorders [ 75 ]. GI disorders (ranging from severe constipation to diarrhea) are frequently observed in individuals with ASD; however, they are estimated to occur with a wide variability, from 2.2% to 96.8% of the ASD population [ 76 ].…”

Section: Ndd-associated Gastrointestinal Symptomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure to Antibiotics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Could Probiotics Modulate the Gut–Brain Axis?

et al. 2022

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In order to develop properly, the brain requires the intricate interconnection of genetic factors and pre-and postnatal environmental events. The gut–brain axis has recently raised considerable interest for its involvement in regulating the development and functioning of the brain. Consequently, alterations in the gut microbiota composition, due to antibiotic administration, could favor the onset of neurodevelopmental disorders. Literature data suggest that the modulation of gut microbiota is often altered in individuals affected by neurodevelopmental disorders. It has been shown in animal studies that metabolites released by an imbalanced gut–brain axis, leads to alterations in brain function and deficits in social behavior. Here, we report the potential effects of antibiotic administration, before and after birth, in relation to the risk of developing neurodevelopmental disorders. We also review the potential role of probiotics in treating gastrointestinal disorders associated with gut dysbiosis after antibiotic administration, and their possible effect in ameliorating neurodevelopmental disorder symptoms.

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The Microbiota–Gut–Brain Axis in Psychiatric Disorders

Cited by 172 publications

References 183 publications

Possible Side Effects of Polyphenols and Their Interactions with Medicines

Possible Side Effects of Polyphenols and Their Interactions with Medicines

Can oral microbiome dysbiosis affect the behavior of children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD)? : Narrative review

Exposure to Antibiotics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Could Probiotics Modulate the Gut–Brain Axis?

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