The Microcirculation of Peripheral Nerves

Boissaud-Cooke, Matthew; Pidgeon, Thomas E.; Tunstall, Richard

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-410390-0.00039-1

Cited by 8 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 106 publications

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“…In essence, the blood supply of the nerve trunks is segmental and derived from separate vasa nervosum. This segmentation is augmented by a rich network of longitudinal epineural and endoneurial vascular plexi that are cross-linked [ 8 , 9 ]. Nerve injury can be affected by either direct compression or by avulsion or ligation of the vasa nervorum (Table 1 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolated Palsy of the Cisternal Segment of the Hypoglossal Nerve Due to Arterial Dissection of the V4 Segment of the Vertebral Artery: A Case Report With a Side Note on Nerve Trunk Ischemia

Kesserwani¹

2020

Cureus

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We describe the case of a 57-year-old woman who developed severe left-sided neck pain followed by difficulty chewing, oropharyngeal dysphagia, and dysarthria. Clinically, she developed an isolated left-sided deviation of the tongue with protrusion; an isolated cisternal hypoglossal nerve palsy. A magnetic resonance angiogram imaging study revealed a left V4 cisternal vertebral artery dissection with normal diffusion-weighted imaging of the lower medulla. We outline the anatomy, histology, and pathophysiology of ischemic injury of nerve trunks and briefly review the recent trials of vertebral and carotid artery dissections.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolated Palsy of the Cisternal Segment of the Hypoglossal Nerve Due to Arterial Dissection of the V4 Segment of the Vertebral Artery: A Case Report With a Side Note on Nerve Trunk Ischemia

Kesserwani¹

2020

Cureus

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“…Для сучасної медицини значний теоретичний і практичний інтерес становлять також дані про перебудову структури периферійного нервово-м'язового апарату за нейропатій різного генезу (Popel', 2017), а також під час переходу процесу у хронічне рецидивування, яке зустрічається у 40% пацієнтів із нейропатією лицевого нерва (Fayad and Linthicum, 2014;Watanabe and Suzuki, 2016). Розкриття причин цих процесів створює передумови для дослідження способів їх лікування та корекції з метою підтримання на достатньому рівні функціонального стану нервових і м'язових волокон і запобігання можливим рецидивам (Boissaud-Cooke et al, 2015;Lemaster et al, 2017).…”

Section: вступunclassified

“…У другій фазі відбуваються порушення окисновідновних процесів, дистрофічні зміни тканин і параліч вазомоторного апарату, що проявляється різким розширенням просвіту судин, втратою тонусу їх стінки. Патофізіологічними дослідженнями доведено, що за ішемії та гіпоксії судинна стінка стає дуже податливою Boissaud-Cooke et al, 2015;Lemaster et al, 2017). Третя фаза стійкіша, зумовлена повільними темпами відновних процесів.…”

Section: обговоренняunclassified

“…За вимушеної фізичної бездіяльностігіпотрофія м'язових волокон, поздовжнє розщеплювання м'язових пучків І і II порядку, зміна хімізму мімічних м'язів та їх кровообігу (Boissaud-Cooke et al, 2015;Lemaster et al, 2017), а також сам факт холодової дії стають поштовхом до спраутингу складових елементів нервової системи м'язів.…”

Section: обговоренняunclassified

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Hysto-ultrastructure of the facial nerve and mimic muscles in the norm and in the conditions of eхperimental neuropathy

Myhailiuk¹,

Mykhailiuk²,

Hembarovskyi³

et al. 2017

Regul. Mech. Biosyst.

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We studied the structural components of the facial nerve in the norm and with cold neuropathy, indicating morphological changes in neuromuscular endings and muscle fibers at 10, 15, 30 and 60 days from the beginning of the simulation of experimental neuropathy, which was caused by local supercooling of the projection portions of the extracranial parts of the facial nerve on the background of the preliminary introduction of Freud’s complete adjuvant. We established that the pathomorphological changes in the endonevral microcirculatory bed have a phase character: the initial spasm (up to 10 days) changes in paralytic vasodilation, and its residual effects remain until the end of the experiment (60 days). Changes in hemomicrocirculation conditions lead to marked disturbances in the structure of myelinic nerve fibers, which have the character of segmental demyelination with signs of delay in axonal transport and reactive restructuring of neuromuscular endings. The change in the metric composition of myelinated nerve fibers is due to an increase in the number of nerve fibers of medium and large diameters (up to 30 days) and small diameter (after 30 days). In different periods of the experiment, a decrease in the branching area of the terminal branches of the motor axon is observed in the nerve cells, local edema of the endonevria, degenerative changes in a part of the nerve fibers develop. Due to the fine-grained decay of the final nerve branches, degeneration of the motor endings took place two weeks after the start of the experiment. Neuropathy for 30 days caused a pronounced inhibition of spotting in the peripheral parts of the motor nerve fibers. After 60 days of experiment, a large number of muscle fibers underwent destructive changes. The size of a significant part of the neuromuscular endings was reduced. In all terms of cold neuropathy, neurolematocytes reacted in the same way: cytoplasm was swollen, argyrophilic grains appeared in the nuclei, fine-grained decay of individual nuclei occurred.

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“…This is of particular importance when nerves are formed from axons covering a long distance from their soma to the innervated target. The organization of this vascular system has been previously described (Boissaud-Cooke, Pidgeon, and Tunstall 2015). In fact, blood vessels are found within the 3 connective tissues, all along the nerve length, forming the peri- and intra-nervous vascular system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Myelinating Schwann cells and Netrin-1 control intra-nervous vascularization of the developing mouse sciatic nerve

Taïb

Lamandé

Martín

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Peripheral nerves are vascularized by a dense network of blood vessels to guarantee their complex function. Despite the crucial role of vascularization to ensure nerve homeostasis and regeneration, the mechanisms governing nerve invasion by blood vessels remain poorly understood. We found that the sciatic nerve invasion by blood vessels begins around embryonic day 16 and continues until birth. Interestingly, intra-nervous blood vessel density significantly decreases during post-natal period, starting from P10. We show that, while the axon guidance molecule Netrin-1 promotes nerve invasion by blood vessels during embryogenesis, myelinated Schwann cells negatively control intra-nervous vascularization during postnatal period.

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The Microcirculation of Peripheral Nerves

Cited by 8 publications

References 106 publications

Isolated Palsy of the Cisternal Segment of the Hypoglossal Nerve Due to Arterial Dissection of the V4 Segment of the Vertebral Artery: A Case Report With a Side Note on Nerve Trunk Ischemia

Isolated Palsy of the Cisternal Segment of the Hypoglossal Nerve Due to Arterial Dissection of the V4 Segment of the Vertebral Artery: A Case Report With a Side Note on Nerve Trunk Ischemia

Hysto-ultrastructure of the facial nerve and mimic muscles in the norm and in the conditions of eхperimental neuropathy

Myelinating Schwann cells and Netrin-1 control intra-nervous vascularization of the developing mouse sciatic nerve

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