The microfiber loop resonator: theory, experiment, and application

Sumetsky, M.; Dulashko, Y.; Fini, John M.; Hale, A.; DiGiovanni, D. J.

doi:10.1109/jlt.2005.861127

Cited by 246 publications

(152 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Evanescent waves in optical waveguides have received great attention recently due to the advantage of optical coupling with systems such as microresonators, [1][2][3] cold atoms, [4][5][6][7][8] their use in optical sorting, 9,10 their ability to form microcavities themselves, [11][12][13] and to support cavities. [14][15][16] Of the many available waveguide types, the tapered optical fiber -otherwise known as the optical micro-or nanofiber (MNF) -is an important device in these research fields because it is relatively easy to fabricate, produces a strong evanescent field, and can be directly integrated into existing fiber optic systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contributed Review: Optical micro- and nanofiber pulling rig

Ward¹,

Maimaiti

Le³

et al. 2014

Review of Scientific Instruments

124

101

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We review the method of producing adiabatic optical micro-and nanofibers using a hydrogen/oxygen flame brushing technique. The flame is scanned along the fiber, which is being simultaneously stretched by two translation stages. The tapered fiber fabrication is reproducible and yields highly adiabatic tapers with either exponential or linear profiles. Details regarding the setup of the flame brushing rig and the various parameters used are presented. Information available from the literature is compiled and further details that are necessary to have a functioning pulling rig are included. This should enable the reader to fabricate various taper profiles, while achieving adiabatic transmission of ~ 99% for fundamental mode propagation. Using this rig, transmissions ranging from 85-95% for higher order modes in an optical nanofiber have been obtained.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contributed Review: Optical micro- and nanofiber pulling rig

Ward¹,

Maimaiti

Le³

et al. 2014

Review of Scientific Instruments

124

101

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“…By coiling or tying a MNF into a loop or knot, the light guided by the MNF can recirculate inside the closed-loop circular cavity through evanescent coupling at the joint area. The Q factor (the ratio of the wavelength to the full width at half-maximum (FWHM) [205]) of this kind of resonators can go beyond 100,000 in loop [42] ring [81] and coil [137] structures, with highest finesses (the ratio of the free spectral range (FSR) to the FWHM and relates to losses per resonator round trip rather than per optical cycle [205]) up to 100 in a knot structure resonator with double-ended taper fibers [50].…”

Section: Resonatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on the high-efficiency evanescent coupling, a variety of optical components or devices (e.g., loop and knots resonators [40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51], lasers [52][53][54][55][56][57][58], and sensors [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32]) have been demonstrated. Meanwhile, since the high fractional evanescent filed is tightly confined around the MNF, it can produce steep field gradient which provides large optical gradient force for manipulating cold atoms [19,[59][60][61][62][63] or micro-/nano-particles [64,65], as well as large or manageable waveguide dispersion under single mode condition [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical microfibers and nanofibers

Tong

2013

Nanophotonics

143

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As a combination of fiber optics and nanotechnology, optical microfibers and nanofibers (MNFs) have been emerging as a novel platform for exploring fiber-optic technology on the micro/nanoscale. Typically, MNFs taper drawn from glass optical fibers or bulk glasses show excellent surface smoothness, high homogeneity in diameter and integrity, which bestows these tiny optical fibers with low waveguiding losses and outstanding mechanical properties. Benefitting from their wavelengthor sub-wavelength-scale transverse dimensions, wave-

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“…For a 2 m diameter taper at a wavelength of 1550 nm, the fraction of power in the core is nearly 96%. 7 Recent discussions on the form of the evanescent field have shown the spatial extent of the radial component of the field to greatly increase for diameters less than 3 m. 7,8 It has also been reported that efficient coupling of light into submillimeter sized silica microspheres is possible for taper diameters up to 4.5 m. 9 The four most widely exploited means of achieving micron-sized tapers are by flame, 5,10,11 CO 2 laser heating, 12 microfurnace, 13,14 and, to a lesser extent, fusion splicer. 4 While subwavelength diameters have been shown to be achievable with the flame method, it presents significant technical challenges.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat-and-pull rig for fiber taper fabrication

Ward

O’Shea

Shortt

et al. 2006

Review of Scientific Instruments

142

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We describe a reproducible method of fabricating adiabatic tapers with 3 -4 m diameter. The method is based on a heat-and-pull rig, whereby a CO 2 laser is continuously scanned across a length of fiber that is being pulled synchronously. Our system relies on a CO 2 mirror mounted on a geared stepper motor in order to scan the laser beam across the taper region. We show that this system offers a reliable alternative to more traditional rigs incorporating galvanometer scanners. We have routinely obtained transmission losses between 0.1 and 0.3 dB indicating the satisfactory production of adiabatic tapers. The operation of the rig is described in detail and an analysis on the produced tapers is provided. The flexibility of the rig is demonstrated by fabricating prolate dielectric microresonators using a microtapering technique. Such a rig is of interest to a range of fields that require tapered fiber fabrication such as microcavity-taper coupling, atom guiding along a tapered fiber, optical fiber sensing, and the fabrication of fused biconical tapered couplers.

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The microfiber loop resonator: theory, experiment, and application

Cited by 246 publications

References 27 publications

Contributed Review: Optical micro- and nanofiber pulling rig

Contributed Review: Optical micro- and nanofiber pulling rig

Optical microfibers and nanofibers

Heat-and-pull rig for fiber taper fabrication

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