The microstructures and mechanical properties of friction stir welded AZ31 with CaO Mg alloys

Choi, Don-Hyun; Kim, Shae-Kwang; Jung, Seung‐Boo

doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2012.11.143

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The characteristic feature is implementation of the process at temperature lower than the melting temperature of joined materials. The process temperature can be calculated based on the equation shown in the literature [1,4], taking into account the process parameters for a given tool geometry and a depth of penetration. But in most publications it is simply assumed that the FSW process temperature rises to approximately 0.8 melting point as it was implemented by Roy et al [5] and Malarvizhi and Balasubramanian [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Analysis of FSW Process Forces

Balawender

Myśliwiec

2020

Advances in Manufacturing Science and Technology

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AbstractThis paper presents the results of research work on linear friction stir welding (FSW) of magnesium AZ31 and aluminum 2024 alloys. During the FSW process, forces exerted by a tool on joined materials were measured. The measurements of forces were taken in three directions, vertical (Z axis) and horizontal (X and Y axes) directions, using high-sensitive piezoelectric dynamometer. The force analysis was done for three stages of welding process: plunging, dwelling, and welding. Conclusions regarding the force reaction of materials to be welded were formulated. It was found that the first two stages of the process, plunging and dwelling, are very important for the correct welding. In the plunging stage, a tool exerts the greatest forces and unit pressures (at the Z direction) on joined materials; during the dwelling stage, thermal conditions of the process are established. The welding stage was divided into two substages: the initial unstable and the subsequent long-term stabilized one.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Analysis of FSW Process Forces

Balawender

Myśliwiec

2020

Advances in Manufacturing Science and Technology

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“…Recently, cheaper CaO with good stability and easy achievement has been developed to prepare the oxidation- and ignition-proof Mg alloys [ 4 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ]. Lee et al [ 12 ] investigated microstructural evaluation of oxide layers in AM60 alloys with different CaO addition, and founded that CaO encouraged the columnar growth of a denser and thicker oxide layer in the AM60 alloy, which could effectively reduce the oxidation of Mg alloys.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They [ 4 ] also pointed out that the ignition resistances of Mg-Al alloys under all conditions greatly increased by CaO addition, which could be contribute to the thin and dense oxide layer of MgO and CaO. Kwak et al [ 13 ] also pointed out that a small amount of Ca (CaO) increased the ignition temperature of the Mg-9.5Zn-2.0Y alloy by about 90 K. In addition, Jang et al [ 14 ] studied the damping capacity and mechanical properties of Mg alloy with CaO addition, and reported that CaO increased the certain mechanical properties of Mg. Choi et al [ 15 , 16 ] studied the microstructures and mechanical properties of friction stir welded AZ31 or AZ91 alloys with CaO, they pointed out that an intermetallic compound of Al 2 Ca was formed, and hardness of the stir zone was harder than the base metal, which is likely due to the presence of fine grains and thermally stable intermetallic compounds. Jun et al [ 17 ] studied the effects of 0.3% CaO on the microstructure and damping properties of AM50 casting alloys, and founded that the AM50-CaO alloy showed a higher damping level within the strain-amplitude dependent region than the AM50 alloy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructures, Mechanical and Corrosion Properties of the Extruded AZ31-xCaO Alloys

Lü

Zhang

Cong³

et al. 2018

Materials

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The effects of the extrusion process and CaO addition amount on microstructure, mechanical, and corrosion properties of AZ31 alloys were investigated by means of optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), standard tensile testing, and so on. The grain size of AZ31 or AZ31-1%CaO alloy becomes larger with increasing extrusion temperature. The grain size of AZ31-1%CaO alloy is much smaller than that of AZ31 alloy at the same extrusion temperature. In addition, the formation of the Al2Ca phase caused by CaO addition refines the grain size, and the recrystallization of AZ31-1%CaO alloy is improved significantly. The recrystallization grains distribute more uniformly as the increase of extrusion ratio, and the completely recrystallized grains distribute uniformly in the form of equiaxed crystals with an extrusion ratio of 9. Tensile testing results show that extruded AZ31-1%CaO alloy at the extrusion temperature of 300 °C and an extrusion ratio of 9 exhibits the best mechanical properties. While corrosion properties of AZ31 alloys decreases due to the addition of CaO.

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“…These include gas tungsten arc welding [12,13], gas metal arc welding (GMAW) [14], and laser welding [15,16]. Recent studies on friction stir welding of ECO Mg alloy revealed that the mechanical and metallurgical characteristics of friction stir welds were also improved by the enhanced mechanical properties of ECO Mg alloy [17,18]. Other interesting results come from the laser welding of ECO Mg alloy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gas Metal Arc Welding Using Novel CaO-Added Mg Alloy Filler Wire

Kang

Ahn

Kim

2016

Metals

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Novel "ECO Mg" alloys, i.e., CaO-added Mg alloys, which exhibit oxidation resistance during melting and casting processes, even without the use of beryllium or toxic protection gases such as SF 6 , have recently been introduced. Research on ECO Mg alloys is still continuing, and their application as welding filler metals was investigated in this study. Mechanical and metallurgical aspects of the weldments were analysed after welding, and welding behaviours such as fume generation and droplet transfer were observed during welding. The tensile strength of welds was slightly increased by adding CaO to the filler metal, which resulted from the decreased grain size in the weld metal. When welding Mg alloys, fumes have been unavoidable so far because of the low boiling temperature of Mg. Fume reduction was successfully demonstrated with a wire composed of the novel ECO Mg filler. In addition, stable droplet transfer was observed and spatter suppression could be expected by using CaO-added Mg filler wire.

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The microstructures and mechanical properties of friction stir welded AZ31 with CaO Mg alloys

Cited by 13 publications

References 12 publications

Experimental Analysis of FSW Process Forces

Experimental Analysis of FSW Process Forces

Microstructures, Mechanical and Corrosion Properties of the Extruded AZ31-xCaO Alloys

Gas Metal Arc Welding Using Novel CaO-Added Mg Alloy Filler Wire

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