“…These parameters, constituting components of liquidation processes 1, 2, and 4, collectively account for approximately 11% of the funds allocated to mine closure. The remaining 89% of the closure cost is influenced by the effective execution of processes 1, 2, and 4 [36,37,38,40]. Across all mines and mine groups except for medium-sized mines (MM), the median deviation of the estimated value from the actual value did not exceed 25% (Table 2).…”