The Miniature Pig: A Large Animal Model for Cochlear Implant Research

Ji, Xiaojun; Luo, Yi; Guo, Weiwei; Ji, Fei; Yuan, Shuolong; Xu, Lei; Chen, Wei

doi:10.3791/64174

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…The relative mRNA expression of MYO7A and SLC26A5; SOX2 and KRT18; and NES and SLC26A5 genes in porcine vestibular tissue and cultures at all passages was positively correlated (p = .037, τ = .900). The pig's labyrinth showed some anatomical similarity to the human's (Gurr et al, 2010;Yi et al, 2016). The maximal transverse and vertical axial diameters of the pig's cochlea was consistent with those reported in a human cochlea series (Dimopoulos & Muren, 1990).…”

Section: Relative Gene Expressionssupporting

confidence: 81%

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Adult porcine (Sus scrofa) derived inner ear cells: Characteristics in in‐vitro cultures

Wijesinghe

Sastry

Hui

et al. 2023

The Anatomical Record

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There is a need for an animal model that closely parallels human cochlea gestational development. This study aims to document porcine inner ear anatomy, and in vitro porcine derived inner ear cell culture characteristics. Twenty‐four temporal bone were harvested from 12 adult pigs (Sus scrofa). Six were formalin fixed and their maximal diameters were measured. The cochlea duct length was determined by the insertion length of a Nucleus 22 cochlear implant in two bones. Four formalin fixed bones were sectioned for histology. Cochlear and vestibular tissues were harvested from non‐fixed bones, cultured and characterized at different passages (P). Gene and protein expression of multipotent stem/progenitor (Nestin and Sox2), inner ear hair (Myosin VIIa, Prestin) and supporting (Cytokeratin 18 and Vimentin) cell markers were determined. The porcine cochlea was a 3.5 turn spiral. There was a separate vestibular compartment. The cochlear mean maximal diameter and height was 7.99 and 3.77 mm, respectively. Sphere forming cells were identified on phase‐contrast microscopy. The relative mRNA expression levels of KRT18, MYO7A and SLC26A5 were significantly positively correlated in cochlear cultures; and MYO7A and SLC26A5; SOX2 and KRT18; NES and SLC26A5 genes were positively correlated in vestibular cultures (p = .037, Spearman correlation [τ] = .900). Inner ear sensory and stem cell characteristics persist in passaged porcine inner ear cells. Further work is required to establish the usefulness of porcine inner ear cell cultures to the study of human inner ear disorders.

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Section: Relative Gene Expressionssupporting

confidence: 81%

“…The pig's labyrinth showed some anatomical similarity to the human's (Gurr et al, 2010; Yi et al, 2016). The maximal transverse and vertical axial diameters of the pig's cochlea was consistent with those reported in a human cochlea series (Dimopoulos & Muren, 1990).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adult porcine (Sus scrofa) derived inner ear cells: Characteristics in in‐vitro cultures

Wijesinghe

Sastry

Hui

et al. 2023

The Anatomical Record

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“…Guo Weiwei et al used miniature pigs as a large animal model for cochlear implant (CI) applicability research [20] [47] [48]. They conducted CI simulations in miniature pigs, obtained hearing recovery data, and confirmed that miniature pigs are valuable CI research models.…”

Section: Cochlear Implantationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Situation and Progress of Pig Model in Otology Research

Liu,

Ai,

Lin

et al. 2024

JBM

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Pig models are widely used in otological research. The establishment of common pig and miniature pig animal models has opened up new fields in otological research and is also an ideal large otological animal model. This article introduces the applications, current status, progress, advantages, and issues of using pigs as otologic animal models. It summarizes current research on pigs in the fields of hearing disorders, otitis, vertigo, cochlea, gene editing, and tissue engineering, among other otologic and audiological areas. These models are valuable for translating basic medical science into clinical applications. Based on this, platforms have been established for studying deafness and vertigo, cochlear implantation experiments, stem cell and gene therapy, and tissue engineering. These serve as ideal experimental models for the prevention and treatment of ear diseases, pointing toward new directions. This will bolster the promotion and application of pig models in the fields of tissue engineering and gene editing in the future.

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“…Moreover, the lack of myelin in the soma regions of human type I primary auditory neurons causes a delay in spike conduction compared to cat neurons [ 119 ], which can impact the transmission of temporal fine structure of auditory signals in the human cochlea. Larger animal models include sheep [ 128 ] and miniature pigs [ 156 ] as well as marmoset [ 73 ] and rhesus macaque monkeys [ 97 , 123 ]. These are closer to the size of human cochleae, with the marmoset cochlear shape being most similar when scaled up by a factor of 2.5 [ 73 ], and allow the partial implantation of clinical electrodes although these model are much less available than small rodents and do not well replicate many of the specific features of human cochleae which are not even featured in other primates [ 151 ].…”

Section: Reproduction Of Cochleaementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Residual acoustic hearing can be beneficial when combined with CI electrical hearing (electro-acoustic hearing), and any interventions to preserve this would increase eligibility for CIs [ 37 , 64 , 66 , 136 ]. Current means for detailed physical examination of the electrode-cochlear interactions involve animal [ 26 , 86 , 156 ] and human cadaveric testing [ 32 , 72 , 104 ]. However, these models present significant challenges as they cannot be easily instrumented or modified in shape and size to allow systematic testing of performance parameters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Models of Cochlea Used in Cochlear Implant Research: A Review

et al. 2023

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As the first clinically translated machine-neural interface, cochlear implants (CI) have demonstrated much success in providing hearing to those with severe to profound hearing loss. Despite their clinical effectiveness, key drawbacks such as hearing damage, partly from insertion forces that arise during implantation, and current spread, which limits focussing ability, prevent wider CI eligibility. In this review, we provide an overview of the anatomical and physical properties of the cochlea as a resource to aid the development of accurate models to improve future CI treatments. We highlight the advancements in the development of various physical, animal, tissue engineering, and computational models of the cochlea and the need for such models, challenges in their use, and a perspective on their future directions.

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The Miniature Pig: A Large Animal Model for Cochlear Implant Research

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Adult porcine (Sus scrofa) derived inner ear cells: Characteristics in in‐vitro cultures

Adult porcine (Sus scrofa) derived inner ear cells: Characteristics in in‐vitro cultures

Current Situation and Progress of Pig Model in Otology Research

Models of Cochlea Used in Cochlear Implant Research: A Review

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