The mirror neuron system in post-stroke rehabilitation

Carvalho, Diana M.; Teixeira, Silmar; Lucas, Marina; Yuan, Ti‐Fei; Chaves, Fernanda; Peressutti, Caroline; Machado, Sérgio; Bittencourt, Juliana; Menéndez-González, Manuel; Nardi, Antônio Egídio; Velasques, Bruna; Cagy, Maurício; Piedade, Roberto; Ribeiro, Pedro; Arias-Carrión, Óscar

doi:10.1186/1755-7682-6-41

Cited by 65 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…It provides visual and proprioceptive feedback of the intact arm, which may provide a substitute input for absent or reduced proprioceptive feedback from the affected arm [27]. In addition, the mirror therapy might be associated with the mirror neuron system and promote reorganization and functional recovery [25,28]. A growing number of studies have shown that the mirror therapy could be a beneficial approach for enhancing patients' motor and function after stroke [20, 21, 23-25, 29, 30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment Effects of Upper Limb Action Observation Therapy and Mirror Therapy on Rehabilitation Outcomes after Subacute Stroke: A Pilot Study

Hsieh

Lin

Zhu

et al. 2020

Behavioural Neurology

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Background. Action observation therapy and mirror therapy, two promising rehabilitation strategies, are aimed at enhancing the motor learning and functional improvement of stroke patients through different patterns of visual feedback and observation. Objective. This study investigated and compared the treatment effects of the action observation therapy, mirror therapy, and active control intervention on motor and functional outcomes of stroke patients. Methods. Twenty-one patients with subacute stroke were recruited in this study. All patients were randomly assigned to the action observation therapy, mirror therapy, or active control intervention for 3 weeks. Outcome measures were conducted at baseline, immediately after treatment, and at 3-month follow-up. The primary outcome was the Fugl-Meyer Assessment, and secondary outcomes included the Box and Block Test, Functional Independence Measure, and Stroke Impact Scale. Descriptive analyses and the number of patients whose change score achieved minimal clinically important difference were reported. Results. Both the action observation therapy and active control intervention showed similar improvements on the Fugl-Meyer Assessment, Box and Block Test, and Stroke Impact Scale. Moreover, the action observation therapy had a greater improvement on the Functional Independence Measure than the other 2 groups did. However, the mirror therapy group gained the least improvements on the outcomes. Conclusion. The preliminary results found that the patients in the action observation therapy and active control intervention groups had comparable benefits, suggesting that the 2 treatments might be used as an alternative to each other. A further large-scale study with at least 20 patients in each group to validate the study findings is needed. This trial is registered with NCT02871700.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment Effects of Upper Limb Action Observation Therapy and Mirror Therapy on Rehabilitation Outcomes after Subacute Stroke: A Pilot Study

Hsieh

Lin

Zhu

et al. 2020

Behavioural Neurology

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“…Mirror therapy has also been shown to aid motor recovery and improve walking velocity and passive range of motion for ankle dorsiflexion after stroke (Broderick et al, ; Thieme et al, ). Based on visual stimulation, mirror therapy has demonstrated to activate the mirror neuron system (Carvalho et al, ) and enhance bilateral M1 excitability (Rossiter et al, ). Mirror visual feedback of the training limb overrides proprioception and increases attention of the resting limb, further enhancing activation of the untrained hemisphere (Deconinck et al, ; Touzalin‐Chretien, Ehrler, & Dufour, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mirror therapy has also been shown to aid motor recovery and improve walking velocity and passive range of motion for ankle dorsiflexion after stroke (Broderick et al, 2018;Thieme et al, 2018). Based on visual stimulation, mirror therapy has demonstrated to activate the mirror neuron system (Carvalho et al, 2013) and enhance bilateral M1 excitability (Rossiter et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unilateral dorsiflexor strengthening with mirror therapy to improve motor function after stroke: A pilot randomized study

Simpson

Ehrensberger

Horgan

et al. 2019

Physiotherapy Res Intl

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Background Independently, cross‐education, the performance improvement of the untrained limb following unilateral training, and mirror therapy have shown to improve lower limb functioning poststroke. Mirror therapy has shown to augment the cross‐education effect in healthy populations. However, this concept has not yet been explored in a clinical setting. Objectives This study set out to investigate the feasibility and potential efficacy of applying cross‐education combined with mirror therapy compared with cross‐education alone for lower limb recovery poststroke. Methods Thirty‐one chronic stroke participants (age 61.7 ± 13.3) completed either a unilateral strength training (ST; n = 15) or unilateral strength training with mirror‐therapy (MST; n = 16) intervention. Both groups isometrically strength trained the less‐affected ankle dorsiflexors three times per week for 4 weeks. Only the MST group observed the mirror reflection of the training limb. Patient eligibility, compliance, treatment reliability, and outcome measures were assessed for feasibility. Maximal voluntary contraction (MVC; peak torque, rate of torque development, and average torque), 10‐m walk test, timed up and go (TUG), Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS), and the London Handicap Scale (LHS) were assessed at pretraining and posttraining. Results Treatment and assessments were well tolerated without adverse effects. No between group differences were identified for improvement in MVC, MAS, TUG, or LHS. Only the combined treatment was associated with functional improvements with the MST group showing an increase in walking velocity. Conclusion Cross‐education plus mirror therapy may have potential for improving motor function after stroke. This study demonstrates the feasibility of the combination treatment and the need for future studies with larger sample sizes to investigate the effectiveness of the treatment.

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“…The idea behind it is that coupling motor imagery from the 2.1. NERVOUS SYSTEM AND THE BRAIN patient, meanwhile observing actual movement from another individual or segments of their own body, will promote the recruitment of mirror neurons and cortical reorganization that can reactivate motor neurons, resulting in the subsequent learning of new motor skills [77]. This is still a premature field, but the application of mirror therapies has shown good results when combined with other therapies showing promise in the better recovery of post-stroke patients [77], [78].…”

Section: Mirror Neuronsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Non-invasive Brain Computer Interface for Neurorehabilitation

Pinto¹,

Ferreira²

2015

Proceedings of the 3rd 2015 Workshop on ICTs for Improving Patients Rehabilitation Research Techniques

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perpétuo e sem limites geográficos, de arquivar e publicar esta dissertação através de exemplares impressos reproduzidos em papel ou de forma digital, ou por qualquer outro meio conhecido ou que venha a ser inventado, e de a divulgar através de repositórios científicos e de admitir a sua cópia e distribuição com objectivos educacionais ou de investigação, não comerciais, desde que seja dado crédito ao autor e editor. To my Friends and Family ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSFirst and foremost, I want to show my gratitude to my Dissertation adviser for giving me the opportunity to carry out a project in an area for which a have a keen interest: BrainComputer Interfaces. I would like to thank everyone at IBEB that has helped me and gladly volunteered to take part of the studies I conducted. I would also like to acknowledge the staff and faculty of my University, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa for providing me with the academic tools and expertise to carry out my thesis, and hopefully to build a strong professional career.Secondly, I want to thank all my friends for providing moral support and inspiration.My university pals, A Centopeia and my recent friends that have accompanied me throughout a bumpy year. Also, a special thanks to my Erasmus buddies, the Wolfpack, who give me the drive to work hard so we can reunite as often as possible. Lastly, I want to thank my good friends from the North, whom I have met the longest, and always provide an escape to the troublesome life in the Capital.

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The mirror neuron system in post-stroke rehabilitation

Cited by 65 publications

References 69 publications

Treatment Effects of Upper Limb Action Observation Therapy and Mirror Therapy on Rehabilitation Outcomes after Subacute Stroke: A Pilot Study

Treatment Effects of Upper Limb Action Observation Therapy and Mirror Therapy on Rehabilitation Outcomes after Subacute Stroke: A Pilot Study

Unilateral dorsiflexor strengthening with mirror therapy to improve motor function after stroke: A pilot randomized study

Development of a Non-invasive Brain Computer Interface for Neurorehabilitation

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