The missing cost of ecological sleep loss

Lesku, John A.; Rattenborg, Niels Christian

doi:10.1093/sleepadvances/zpac036

Cited by 7 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 67 publications

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“…Moreover, the diverse ecological niches spiders occupy (e.g. nocturnal/diurnal; active hunters/sit-and-wait predators; vison/vibratory focused) could facilitate a strong contribution by spiders towards linking ecology with sleep function (Lesku et al, 2012; Lesku & Rattenborg, 2022).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A state with increased arousal threshold inAraneus diadematus(Araneidae) measured in the wild: new evidence for sleep in spiders

Rößler,

Herberstein

2023

Preprint

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Sleep is a seemingly universal behavior across the animal kingdom, yet for the majority of species, experimental evidence thereof is still lacking. The recent report of REM sleep-like behavior in a jumping spider has highlighted the potential of spiders as a non-model organism to study invertebrate sleep. While behavioral evidence of potential sleep-states in spiders is strong, a crucial piece of evidence is so far lacking: a shift in arousability during sleep compared to awake states. Targeting a spider exquisitely suited for conducting experiments in the wild, we collected arousal threshold data for the diurnal orb-web spider Araneus diadematus. Our field experiments revealed significant differences in response latency between day- and night-times. Using a sound stimulus of 400 Hz with increasing amplitude that robustly triggers an anti-predatory response (raising of front legs), we tested both immobile and active spiders during the day and during the night. We found that spiders had a significantly longer response latency to the stimulus during nighttime immobility compared to immobile spiders during the day. There was no difference in the response latency between active spiders at night and active spiders during the day. Overall, our data demonstrate a shift in arousability during periods of night-time immobility in support of sleep in A. diadematus. Additionally, however, we found eight spiders that did not respond to the stimulus within the set time limit, most of which we encountered during daytime immobility hinting at additional sleep behavior during the day and a potential bimodal sleep pattern. Our study, along with recent work on jumping spider sleep-like behavior showcases the suitability of spiders for sleep research.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A state with increased arousal threshold inAraneus diadematus(Araneidae) measured in the wild: new evidence for sleep in spiders

Rößler,

Herberstein

2023

Preprint

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More sleep for behavioral ecologists

Rößler,

Klein

2024

J Exp Zool Pt A

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From jellyfish to parrot fish and roundworms to homeotherms, all animals are thought to sleep. Despite its presumed universality, sleep is a poorly understood behavior, varying significantly in its expression across, and even within, animal lineages. There is still no consensus about the origin, architecture, ecology of sleep, or even its defining characters. The field of behavioral ecology has the potential to extend our knowledge of sleep behavior to nontraditional models and in ecologically relevant settings. Here, we highlight current efforts in diversifying the field to generate stronger synergies between historically human‐focused sleep research and behavioral ecology. Our primary aim is for behavioral ecology to enhance sleep research by contributing crucial observations as well as by creating novel comparative and evolutionary frameworks. At the same time, sleep research can enhance behavioral ecology by exposing the relevance of sleep to wakeful behaviors. Nikolaas Tinbergen's four levels of analysis have served as a foundation for comprehensively addressing questions in behavior, and we introduce some Tinbergian approaches to examine the interplay between sleep and wake under ecologically meaningful conditions.

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Why study sleep in flatworms?

Omond

Lesku

2023

J Comp Physiol B

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The behaviors that characterize sleep have been observed across a broad range of different species. While much attention has been placed on vertebrates (mostly mammals and birds), the grand diversity of invertebrates has gone largely unexplored. Here, we introduce the intrigue and special value in the study of sleeping platyhelminth flatworms. Flatworms are closely related to annelids and mollusks, and yet are comparatively simple. They lack a circulatory system, respiratory system, endocrine glands, a coelom, and an anus. They retain a central and peripheral nervous system, various sensory systems, and an ability to learn. Flatworms sleep, like other animals, a state which is regulated by prior sleep/wake history and by the neurotransmitter GABA. Furthermore, they possess a remarkable ability to regenerate from a mere fragment of the original animal. The regenerative capabilities of flatworms make them a unique bilaterally symmetric animal to study a link between sleep and neurodevelopment. Lastly, the recent applications of tools for probing the flatworm genome, metabolism, and brain activity make their entrance into the field of sleep research all the more timely.

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The missing cost of ecological sleep loss

Cited by 7 publications

References 67 publications

A state with increased arousal threshold inAraneus diadematus(Araneidae) measured in the wild: new evidence for sleep in spiders

A state with increased arousal threshold inAraneus diadematus(Araneidae) measured in the wild: new evidence for sleep in spiders

More sleep for behavioral ecologists

Why study sleep in flatworms?

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