The Missing Siblings of Infants Born Preterm

Alenius, Suvi; Kajantie, Eero; Sund, Reijo; Näsänen‐Gilmore, Pieta; Vääräsmäki, Marja; Gissler, Mika; Hovi, Petteri

doi:10.1542/peds.2017-1354

Cited by 12 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“… Severe infant morbidity includes neonatal diagnoses: seizure, intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH), cerebral infarction, periventricular leucomalacia, birth trauma, hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE), necrotising enterocolitis (NEC), septicaemia, pneumonia, primary atelectasis, patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), infant respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS), and respiratory failure of the newborn. Composition of this covariate is presented in detail elsewhere …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The CWR, maintained by the Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), and the Census Register, maintained by Statistics Finland, are described in Appendix . Other registers and the validity of their data are described in detail elsewhere …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Irrespective of the reason for preterm birth, it may place a long‐lasting burden on the childhood family of the preterm child. Families of children born preterm or at very low birthweight (VLBW) (<1500 g) or at extremely low birthweight (ELBW) (<1000 g) appear to have fewer subsequent children, more parenting stress, and poorer parental emotional health, compared with families of term born children . Moreover, preterm children appear more likely to experience child protection actions, such as out‐of‐home care placements (OHC placement, also known as foster care) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Out‐of‐home care placements of children and adolescents born preterm: A register‐based cohort study

Alenius

Kajantie

Sund

et al. 2019

Paediatric Perinatal Epid

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Background: Preterm birth predisposes to child protection action in the form outof-home care. The impact of the degree of preterm birth on the likelihood for OHC placement(s) and their timing is unknown. Methods:This population-based register-linkage study assessed the likelihood of OHC placement in different gestational age groups using multivariable Cox regression models. All 193 033 traceable singleton (8324 preterm, 4.3%) liveborn in Finland (January 1987-September 1990, as the first index child of each mother within the cohort period, were followed up until their 18th birthday.Results: A total of 6562 children (3.4%) experienced OHC. In comparison with fullterm children (39-41 weeks), those born at 23-33 completed weeks were predisposed to OHC (hazard ratio [HR] 2.11, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.74, 2.56). For those born late preterm (34-36 weeks) and early term (37-38 weeks), the HR were 1.54 (95% CI 1.37, 1.73) and 1.19 (95% CI 1.12, 1.26), respectively. Adjustment for parental and child characteristics attenuated the HRs: 23-33 weeks: 1.31 (95% CI 1.07, 1.59), 34-36 weeks: 1.17 (95% CI 1.04, 1.31), and 37-38 weeks: 1.08 (95% CI 1.02, 1.16). However, the adjusted HRs for first OHC entries at 0-5 years of age were higher: 23-33 weeks 2.29 (95% CI 1.72, 3.05), 34-36 weeks 1.76 (95% CI 1.46, 2.13), and 37-38 weeks 1.40 (95% CI 1.25, 1.56). Among those born preterm or early term, in comparison with their term born peers, no excess risk for OHC was seen after 5 years. Conclusions:A dose-response relationship exists between the level of preterm birth and OHC placement risk. OHC placements are more common among early and late preterm, and early term children, compared with those born full term, and occur at | 41 ALENIUS Et AL. S U PP O RTI N G I N FO R M ATI O NAdditional supporting information may be found online in the Supporting Information section.How to cite this article: Alenius S, Kajantie E, Sund R, et al.Out-of-home care placements of children and adolescents born preterm: A register-based cohort study. Paediatr Perinat

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Out‐of‐home care placements of children and adolescents born preterm: A register‐based cohort study

Alenius

Kajantie

Sund

et al. 2019

Paediatric Perinatal Epid

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“…Preterm birth, both from a medical and economic perspective, constitutes one of the greatest burdens in obstetrics. 1 Alenius et al 2 provide us with a unique analysis in which they seek to ascertain whether preterm birth is associated with additional, heretofore unappreciated social consequences: specifically, is there a relationship between the birth of a preterm infant and subsequent childbearing? In their analysis of data from Finland, they demonstrate that a lower gestational age at birth in 1 pregnancy was associated with a lower likelihood of having more children.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, when looking at the observed versus expected future children among women delivering after 37 weeks' gestation, there is still a difference between the number of observed and expected births for women who have early-term births or late-term births compared with women who have term births (see Table 3, Supplemental Table 15). 2 This finding suggests that perhaps there is more to the decision around future childbearing than simply preterm birth and that the concept of missing children may be more about framing effects than actual consequences. For example, what if it were framed that women who have a term delivery actually end up having more children than they would have otherwise?…”

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confidence: 99%

Preterm Birth and Future Childbearing: More Questions Than Answers

Premkumar

Grobman

2018

Pediatrics

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Association of Preterm Birth and Low Birth Weight With Romantic Partnership, Sexual Intercourse, and Parenthood in Adulthood

2019

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Key Points Question Are adults who were born preterm or with low birth weight less likely to experience social transitions normative of adulthood, such as romantic partnerships, sexual intercourse, or parenthood? Findings In this systematic review and meta-analysis of 21 studies describing up to 4.4 million participants, adults who were born preterm or with low birth weight were less likely to experience a romantic partnership, sexual intercourse, or parenthood than their peers who were born full-term. The likelihood of experiencing these social transitions decreased with lower gestational age and birth weight, and was similar in both young and middle adulthood. Meaning The findings suggest that adults who were born preterm or with low birth weight are less likely to have sexual or partner relationships than adults born full-term, which might put them at increased risk of decreased well-being and poorer physical and mental health.

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The Missing Siblings of Infants Born Preterm

Abstract: Families with a preterm singleton child have fewer subsequent children. In a high-income country, the main population effect of preterm birth is caused by these "missing siblings," whose number exceeds the number of those preterm infants who die.

Cited by 12 publications

References 34 publications

Out‐of‐home care placements of children and adolescents born preterm: A register‐based cohort study

Out‐of‐home care placements of children and adolescents born preterm: A register‐based cohort study

Preterm Birth and Future Childbearing: More Questions Than Answers

Association of Preterm Birth and Low Birth Weight With Romantic Partnership, Sexual Intercourse, and Parenthood in Adulthood

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