The Mode of Spread of Campylobacter jejuni/coli to Broiler Flocks

Annan-Prah, A.; Janc, M.

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0450.1988.tb00461.x

Cited by 73 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…These data do not support the likelihood of vertical transmission as an important pathway; although Dutch breeder flocks are frequently found to be campylobacter carriers [17]. Other studies report similar findings with respect to vertical transmission [10][11][12]. Since campylobacter was not isolated from any of the fresh litter, water and feed samples, these factors did not seem to be of major importance for transmission of campylobacter in this study.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 69%

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Epidemiology ofCampylobacterspp. at two Dutch broiler farms

Jacobs-Reitsma¹,

Giessen

Bolder³

et al. 1995

Epidemiol. Infect.

230

191

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SUMMARYBroiler flocks on two Dutch poultry farms were screened weekly for the presence of campylobacter in fresh caecal droppings during eight consecutive production cycles. Hatchery and fresh litter samples were taken at the start of each new cycle. Water, feed, insects, and faeces of domestic animals, present on the farms were also included in the sampling. Penner serotyping of isolates was used to identify epidemiological factors that contribute to campylobacter colonization in the broiler flocks. Generally, broiler flocks became colonized with campylobacter at about 3-4 weeks of age with isolation percentages of 100 %, and stayed colonized up to slaughter. A similar pattern of serotypes was found within the various broiler houses on one farm during one production cycle. New flocks generally showed also a new pattern of serotypes. Most serotypes isolated from the laying hens, pigs, sheep and cattle were different from those isolated from the broilers at the same time. Campylobacter serotypes from darkling beetles inside the broiler houses were identical to the ones isolated from the broilers. No campylobacter was isolated from any of the hatchery, water, feed or fresh litter samples. Conclusive evidence of transmission routes was not found, but results certainly point towards horizontal transmission from the environment. Horizontal transmission from one broiler flock to the next one via a persistent contamination within the broiler house, as well as vertical transmission from breeder flocks via the hatchery to progeny, did not seem to be very likely.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 69%

“…Feed, water, domestic animals, insects, rodents and wild birds have all been suggested as possible sources of horizontal transmission [2,8,9]. Vertical transmission from campylobacter-positive breeder flocks via the egg to their progeny, has not been found to be very likely [10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology ofCampylobacterspp. at two Dutch broiler farms

Jacobs-Reitsma¹,

Giessen

Bolder³

et al. 1995

Epidemiol. Infect.

230

191

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…A seasonal variation in the isolation of Campylobacter spp. from 252 poultry and poultry products, with a peak during the warm seasons, have been noted in several countries [17,22,33].…”

Section: G Kapperud and Othersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vertical transmission from colonized breeder flocks to progeny is considered unlikely [10,[18][19][20][21]. Most studies designed to identify sources of campylobacter colonization in broiler flocks have been limited to bacteriological surveys [10,18,[22][23][24][25]. Although a number of possible routes of introduction have been identified, a better understanding of the epidemiology of campylobacter in broiler flocks is essential in order to provide a basis for a more specific control strategy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological investigation of risk factors for Campylobacter colonization in Norwegian broiler flocks

et al. 1993

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SUMMARYAn epidemiological investigation was conducted to identify risk factors related to hygiene and husbandry practices which determine the introduction of Campylobacter spp. into broiler chicken flocks. All 176 broiler farms in an area in southeastern Norway participated in the study. Each farm was represented by one flock selected at random during a one-year period. The flocks were examined for campylobacter colonization at slaughter, and the flock managers were subsequently interviewed about hygiene and husbandry practices. Campylobacter spp. were recovered from 32 (18%) of the flocks. The proportion of colonized flocks varied geographically and seasonally with a peak in the autumn. The following variables were found to be independently associated with an increased risk of campylobacter colonization using logistic regression analysis: (i) feeding the broilers undisinfected water (odds ratio (OR) = 3-42, P = 0045), (ii) tending other poultry prior to entering the broiler house (OR = 6-43, P = 0O007), (iii) tending pigs before entering the house (OR = 4-86, P = 0O037), (iv) geographic region (Hedmark versus 0stfold county) (OR = 2-91, P = 0-023, (v) season (autumn versus other seasons) (OR = 3*43, P = 0008). Presence of rats on the farm was associated with an increased risk, but this factor did not reach statistical significance (OR = 3-96, P = 0O083). Preventive measures should include disinfection of drinking water and strict hygienic routines when the farm workers enter the rearing room. The results indicate that disinfection of drinking water is the preventive measure most likely to have the greatest impact on the prevalence of campylobacter among broiler chicken flocks in the study area (population attributable fraction = 053).

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“…It is also well known that broilers on growing farms are often infected with C. jejuni or C. coli [5,6,11,20,26]. The Campylobater-positive rate of broilers turn to increase at ages of 3 to 5 weeks [2]. Vertical transmission from breeders to broiler chickens was considered to be unlikely [6,17].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Thermophilic Campylobacter from Sparrows by Multiplex PCR: The Role of Sparrows as a Source of Contamination of Broilers with Campylobacter.

2000

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ABSTRACT. The best combination of primers and the annealing temperature of multiplex PCR for Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli, and Campylobacter lari were examined. The multiplex PCR was able to detect type strains of the three species. All results of identification of wild strains (30 strains of C. jejuni, 20 strains of C. coli, and 4 strains of C. lari) by the multiplex PCR coincided with those of the conventional biochemical identification tests, suggesting that the multiplex PCR can simultaneously differentiate C. jejuni, C. coli, and C. lari from wild strains of campylobacters easily and rapidly. Campylobacters were detected from sparrow feces by the multiplex PCR and antimicrobial sensitivities of the strains were determined to discuss the role of sparrows in contamination of broilers with C. jejuni. Three out of 13 strains of C. jejuni isolated from sparrow feces showed quinolone resistance. From the frequent use of quinolones for treatment of industrial animals like chickens, pigs, and cows, the three strains of quinolone-resistant C. jejuni in sparrows must have been originated from those industrial animals. Sparrows that have quinolone-resistant C. jejuni were considered to have contacted with industrial animals or thier feed. It may be presumed, on the contrary, that C. jejuni in sparrows could be a potential source of contamination of broilers.

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The Mode of Spread of Campylobacter jejuni/coli to Broiler Flocks

Cited by 73 publications

References 29 publications

Epidemiology ofCampylobacterspp. at two Dutch broiler farms

Epidemiology ofCampylobacterspp. at two Dutch broiler farms

Epidemiological investigation of risk factors for Campylobacter colonization in Norwegian broiler flocks

Detection of Thermophilic Campylobacter from Sparrows by Multiplex PCR: The Role of Sparrows as a Source of Contamination of Broilers with Campylobacter.

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