The Models of the Heavy Metal Accumulation of the Multiple Grain Energy Cultures for Wasterwater Deposition on Oil-Polluted Degraded Soils

Abstract

The research was conducted on the territory of Nadvirna oil and gas district of South-Hvizdetsky oil field of Ivano-Frankivsk region during 2016-2020. The production activity at the research site was stopped 45 years ago. Energy crops the Miscanthus (Miscanthus giganteus) and switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) were planted and sown on model research plots with an estimated area of 25 m 2 in triplicate. The miscanthus was planted manually according to the scheme 0.50 × 0.70 m. According to studies on the oil-contaminated soils, with the introduction of different sedimentation rates wastewater, the content of the Lead when growing the miscanthus increases with the introduction of SS 40 t/ha and N 10 P 14 K 58 (option 6) and is 4.30 mg/kg of soil. However, when growing the switchgrass with the same fertilizer application, the Lead content is 3.97 mg/kg of soil, which is 0.33 mg/kg of soil less than growing the miscanthus. The concentration coefficients of the gross forms of the Lead vary in the range of 1.01-1.09 during the cultivation of the miscanthus. The concentration coefficient of the gross forms of the Cadmium varies in the range of 1.09-1.56, the maximum remains in the options for the introduction of the sewage sludge at a rate of 40 t/ha and N 10 P 14 K 58 . The concentration coefficients of the gross forms of the Lead for growing the switchgrass 20-40 t/ha (option 4-6) are equal to 1.02-1.15. The concentration coefficient of the gross forms of the Cadmium varies between 1.18 and 1.49.

Influence of Composition of Soil Electrolyte Model Environments on Corrosion Rate of Tube Steel

“…Thus, according to American experts in 2015, the annual losses of the American oil and gas industry from corrosion of equipment, and especially pipelines, amounted to -13.4 billion dollars [Andreyuk 1980;Blahnik, 1985]. The metal of long-operated tubular steels in the underground environment is subject to corrosive destruction under the influence of soil electrolyte, the association of soil microorganisms [Polutrenko, 2018;Kryzhanivsky, 2019;Krivenko, 2005;Lopushniak, 2021]. This is especially true for pipelines operated in areas where the insulation of the pipeline is broken in the conditions of contact with electrolytic solutions.…”