The moderating role of work‐to‐family spillover in the association between nurses' work values and work engagement: A cross‐sectional study

Abstract

AimAlthough researchers have emphasized the importance of enhancing work engagement in nurses to ensure work‐related well‐being, the underlying mechanisms of the influencing factors of work engagement remain unclear. This study aimed to elucidate whether work‐to‐family spillover moderates the relationship between nurses' work values and work engagement.MethodsIn total, 2600 nurses from 52 hospitals in the Tohoku region of Japan were recruited, and 1587 nurses participated. The questionnaire included items on demographic characteristics, the Nurses' Work Values Scale, the Japanese version of the Work‐life Balance Scale, and the Work Engagement Scale. Data were analyzed using hierarchical multiple regression.ResultsThe interaction terms of negative work‐to‐family spillover with extrinsic work values and prestige work values were significantly associated with work engagement. The interaction terms of nurses' work values and positive work‐to‐family spillovers did not show a significant association.ConclusionsNurses who emphasized extrinsic work values and those who did not emphasize prestige work values had the lowest work engagement in settings with high negative work‐to‐family spillover. To ensure nurses' work‐related well‐being and engagement, nursing managers could provide support for nurses in tackling work‐related negative events, so that these do not carry over to family settings.

Updating Factors Influencing Nurse Work Engagement in the Hospital Settings: A Systematic Review

“…After combining many variables, only extrinsic and prestige work values are correlated with work engagement moderated by negative work-to-family spillover. Hara, Yamada, Takada, Sugiyama, Asakura 49 Work meaningfulness Positively related to work engagement. Work meaningfulness mediates and moderates the correlation between ethical leadership and work engagement.…”

“…These characteristics include a wide range of significant factors positively related to work engagement identified from 10 studies. The factors include emotional labor (the effort invested in managing emotions at work), 46 conflict management styles, 47 role conflict, 48 autonomy, 45 affective commitment to one’s job, 35 work ethics, 33 work values, 49 work meaningfulness, 50 job crafting, 51 learning goals, 51 and the ability to cope with organizational change. 24 Among these factors, only two have mediated roles which job crafting mediated the correlation between “learning goal orientation” and work engagement, 51 and work meaningfulness mediated and moderated the correlation between “ethical leadership” and work engagement.…”

“…In the context of factors influencing work engagement based on four studies, the findings reveal that positive spillover from family life correlates positively with work engagement. 35 , 49 Conversely, increased “work-to-family conflict” is associated with decreased work engagement, a relationship moderated by transformational leadership. 69 Family–work enrichment, indicative of positive experiences in the family domain, predicts higher work engagement.…”

“… 69 Family–work enrichment, indicative of positive experiences in the family domain, predicts higher work engagement. 70 Additionally, work-to-family spillover plays a nuanced role, with “family-to-work positive spillover” and specific interactions moderating the correlation between work values and work engagement 35 , 49 ( Table 5 ).…”

“…Additionally, negative spillover from family to work acted as a mediator between affective commitment and work engagement. Hara, Yamada, Takada, Sugiyama, Asakura 49 discovered that ‘the impact of work-to-family spillover altered the connection between work values and engagement. Specifically, the combination of adverse work-to-family spillover with extrinsic and prestige work values has a notable effect on work engagement.’ Fukuzaki, Iwata, Ooba, Takeda, Inoue 35 Hara, Yamada, Takada, Sugiyama, Asakura 49 Work-to-family conflict Increased conflict between work and family responsibilities resulted in reduced levels of work engagement.…”