The modulatory role of nicotine on cognitive and non-cognitive functions

Zarrindast, Mohammad‐Reza; Khakpai, Fatemeh

doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2018.12.002

Cited by 39 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 126 publications

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“…the satisfaction derived from smoking and alleviation of withdrawal symptoms-may account for this apparently paradoxical result. In other words, smokers may misattribute the relief of withdrawal symptoms as reflecting a genuine antidepressant and anxiolytic effect of nicotine dependence (17)(18)(19). Indeed, nicotine has to some extent antidepressant activity which is explained by the fact that the long-term antidepressant activity of any drug appears to depend on its ability to modulate changes in the dopamine, norepinephrine and serotonin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, nicotine has to some extent antidepressant activity which is explained by the fact that the long-term antidepressant activity of any drug appears to depend on its ability to modulate changes in the dopamine, norepinephrine and serotonin. Furthermore, as a major psychoactive component of tobacco nicotine produces both anxiolytic and antidepressant like effects in both humans and animals (18)(19). However, co-occurring depressive symptoms and smoking do not appear to synergistically convey risk for cardiovascular disease (7).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, co-occurring depressive symptoms and smoking do not appear to synergistically convey risk for cardiovascular disease (7). Additionally, the relationship between nicotine dependence, anxiety and depression may be bidirectional with smoking initially used to alleviate symptoms but in fact worsening them over time as it dysregulates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system and results in hypersecretion of cortisol which in turn influences reactions to environmental stressors (17)(18)(19).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heavy Smoking is Associated with Low Depression and Stress: a Smokers' Paradox in Cardiovascular Disease?

2019

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Introduction: Smoking, anxiety and depression constitute predisposing factors of coronary artery disease. Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the degree of nicotine dependence in coronary patients and its relationship to anxiety and depression. Methods: The study population consisted of 208 coronary patients, 131 men and 77 women, who were hospitalized in a hospital in Attica and were all smokers. The degree of nicotine dependence was measured by the Fagerstrom scale, while depression and anxiety intensity were assessed with the Zung SDS and SAS scales respectively. Results: 158 participants (75.9%) were moderately to highly dependent on nicotine, 108 participants (51.9%) reported moderate to severe depression intensity levels while 91 participants (43.8%) reported moderate to severe anxiety intensity levels. The degree of dependence on nicotine was negatively related to the intensity of anxiety and depression experienced by coronary patients. Additionally, the degree of nicotine dependence, anxiety and depression was associated with various sociodemographic and clinical factors such as educational level, social support, and information on their condition and treatment. Conclusion: Overall, the findings of this study point to an inverse relationship of nicotine dependence, depression and anxiety. However, this paradoxical association could be a product of shared risk factors or confounding. Nonetheless, the development of individualized educational and supportive interventions to quit smoking in coronary patients should primarily focus on the assessment of depression and stress.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heavy Smoking is Associated with Low Depression and Stress: a Smokers' Paradox in Cardiovascular Disease?

2019

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“…Prestanak pušenja uzrokuje razdražljivost, depresivno raspoloženje, nemir, anksioznost, povećanu glad i žudnju za duhanom koja se može ublažiti terapijskom zamjenom nikotina. 22,23 IARC (engl. International Agency for Research on Cancer) ne klasificira nikotin u karcinogene tvari, no prema brojnim istraživanjima na ljudima i životinjama on predstavlja nekoliko opasnosti po zdravlje.…”

Section: Utjecaj Nikotina Na Organizamunclassified

“…25 Utječe i na širenje tumorskih stanica te uzrokuje otpornost na kemoterapiju i radioterapiju. 24 Opaženo je kako upotreba nikotina pokazuje određenu toleranciju na analgetike te da askorbinska kiselina reagira s nikotinom 23 i dodatnim unošenjem askorbinske kiseline smanjuje se apsorpcija nikotina u krv. 26…”

Section: Utjecaj Nikotina Na Organizamunclassified

Konvencionalne cigarete vs. alternativni uređaji – štetnost po zdravlje čovjeka i ekosustav

et al. 2019

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Duhanski dim prvi je sprječiv uzrok smrti, a pušenje je danas sve manje prihvatljivo u mnogim društvenim segmentima. Radi vlastitog opstanka na tržištu duhanska industrija posljednjih desetak godina razvija alternativne proizvode – ENDS (engl. electrical nicotine delivery system) i HNBT (engl. heat-not-burn), kako bi ponudila manje štetnu opciju potrošačima. Proizvođači e-cigareta pozivaju se na deklaraciju GRAS, koja se odnosi isključivo na konzumiranje ingestijom, dok je već i udisanje samog aerosola, koji nastaje kod oba navedena proizvoda, štetno. E-cigarete stvaraju aerosol zagrijavanjem e-tekućine, dok se HNBT uređaji temelje na zagrijavanju komprimiranog lišća duhana, čime nastaju štetni spojevi iako u znatno manjim koncentracijama nego kod konvencionalnih cigareta.

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Residential Lead-Hazard Interventions, Childhood Anxiety, and Cognitive Impairment

Beck-Sagué

Guilarte

2019

JAMA Pediatr

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In Reply We thank Loud and Shipman for their insightful response to our Viewpoint, "Consumerism, Innovation, and the Future of Pediatric Primary Care." 1 In our piece, we argued that our system of pediatric primary care must innovate to avoid decline, a possible future suggested by 2 complementary theories from the business literature, creative destruction, and the innovator's dilemma. 2,3 As a starting point, we suggested that supporting team-based care, improving access and efficiency for consumers, and implementing telehealth as a part of the medical home would provide 3 ways to begin to reshape practice.Loud and Shipman present an alternate perspective, arguing that pediatricians should primarily serve children with medical complexity, acting as consultants to nurses, advanced practice clinicians, and family physicians. This vision is one piece of the future, but incomplete. First, based on the innovator's dilemma, ceding routine child health care to nonpediatricians outside medical homes would only build the expertise and financial resources of groups that compete with the medical home, potentially hastening its decline. The expertise of the pediatrician to manage complex care should complement the work of other professionals, including nurse practitioners, while keeping care and revenue within the medical home. Second, from a patient perspective, families with all levels of medical complexity highly value their relationships with pediatricians. In an unpublished survey we completed during the past year with nearly 1000 parents in our region, we found that pediatricians remain the most influential source of health information. We should leverage that trust in building a primary care system inclusive of community and crossprofessional partnerships. Third, we found in our survey that the most salient parenting challenges today include behavior problems, diet and nutrition, sleep, social media overuse, peer relationships, and stress. These findings and the confidence that families have in pediatricians suggest that the primary care medical home should grow its capability to address these wellness concerns, not retreat to a narrower focus on complex illness. Pediatrician collaboration with nonphysicians, including psychologists, social workers, nutritionists, and others, will be key to a future that builds a medical home proactively supportive of wellness.Loud and Shipman also stress the importance of primary care pediatricians increasingly covering for the predicted subspecialist shortage and the need to creatively train the pediatric workforce for that role. We agree with their vision. However, we believe that not only training but also changes in practice structure are needed to realize this vision while avoiding burnout of the health care team. In our network, the development of practice pathways and the provision of electronic health record-based tools with the support of specialists but without further system change often has been inadequate to improve primary care's capacity to address specialized concern...

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The modulatory role of nicotine on cognitive and non-cognitive functions

Cited by 39 publications

References 126 publications

Heavy Smoking is Associated with Low Depression and Stress: a Smokers' Paradox in Cardiovascular Disease?

Heavy Smoking is Associated with Low Depression and Stress: a Smokers' Paradox in Cardiovascular Disease?

Konvencionalne cigarete vs. alternativni uređaji – štetnost po zdravlje čovjeka i ekosustav

Residential Lead-Hazard Interventions, Childhood Anxiety, and Cognitive Impairment

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