2014
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-43492-5_9
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The Molecular Basis of IL-10 Function: from Receptor Structure to the Onset of Signaling

Abstract: Assembly of the cell surface IL-10 receptor complex is the first step in initiating IL-10 signaling pathways that regulate intestinal inflammation, viral persistence, and even tumor surveillance. The discovery of IL-10 homologs in the genomes of herpes viruses suggests IL-10 signaling pathways can be manipulated at the level of the receptor complex. This chapter will describe our current molecular understanding of IL-10 receptor assembly based on crystal structures and biochemical analyses of cellular and vira… Show more

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Cited by 93 publications
(99 citation statements)
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References 93 publications
(171 reference statements)
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“…Previous literature characterizes IL10 as immunosuppressive [16] and finds only positive associations between serum IL10 [17] or genetic expression of IL10RB [15] and glioma. However, IL10 may also stimulate the immune system thereby playing a role in tumor immune surveillance [32]. IL10 knockout mice showed weakened tumor immune surveillance [33].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Previous literature characterizes IL10 as immunosuppressive [16] and finds only positive associations between serum IL10 [17] or genetic expression of IL10RB [15] and glioma. However, IL10 may also stimulate the immune system thereby playing a role in tumor immune surveillance [32]. IL10 knockout mice showed weakened tumor immune surveillance [33].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…We specifically targeted the IL-10R1/subunit alpha for knockdown because of its main role in the binding of IL-10 and the assembling of the IL-10R receptor complex [6,25,53]. Besides its contribution to the IL-10R complex, IL-10R2 (beta subunit) also associates with IL-20 R alpha, IL-22 R alpha or IL-28 R alpha to form the receptor complexes for IL-22, IL-26, IL-28, and IL-29 [53], making it unsuitable as specific target for our experimental knockdown approach.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Local IL-10 acts on a number of different cell populations, including macrophages, neutrophils and skeletal muscle fibers, orchestrating muscle growth and regeneration after injury [16]. These IL-10 effects depend on its interaction with a heterodimer receptor complex, constituted by the high affinity subunit 1 (IL-10R1, also called subunit alpha) which is necessary for the binding of IL-10 [28,53], and the low-affinity IL-10 receptor 2 (IL-10R2, also called subunit beta and previously referred to as CRFB4), which is essential for IL-10 induced signal transduction events [25,53]. Interestingly, IL-10R1/subunit alpha, is expressed in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) [46] and intrathecal administration of recombinant IL-10 or adenoviral vectors containing IL-10 cDNA attenuates increased excitability of DRG neurons and abnormal nociceptive behavior in diverse neuropathic pain models [26,33,34,46,55].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Immune-modulating strategies of persistence by "hit-andstay" pathogens are likely to be fundamentally different from acute, or "hit-and-run," pathogens, for which viral replication and intra-and interhost dissemination mostly transpire prior to development of de novo adaptive immune responses that could potentially clear the pathogen (1). Cellular interleukin-10 (cIL-10) is an anti-inflammatory cytokine that is considered a master regulator of the immune system due to its positive and negative effects on cells bearing the IL-10 receptor (IL-10R) (2). Manipulation of the cIL-10/IL-10R signaling pathway has been increasingly associated with long-term persistent infections in immunocompetent hosts (3).…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Taken together, host immunity mostly protects against HCMV disease during primary infection, but host immune responses are insufficient to clear persistent reservoirs in infected hosts, despite extraordinarily large HCMV-specific T cell responses (11) and the induction of neutralizing antibodies against multiple HCMV glycoproteins (4,(12)(13)(14). The viral mechanisms of persistence are incompletely resolved, but there is increasing evidence that cIL-10 signaling through binding to its high-affinity receptor (IL-10R1) is critical for maintaining persistence (2,3). Studies of MCMV-infected mice revealed that there is a marked increase in the number of CD4 ϩ cells expressing cIL-10 in tissue sites of persistence (salivary glands) but not in tissues where MCMV establishes a latent infection (e.g., spleen) (7).…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%