The Molecular Diversity of Phagotrophic Euglenids Examined Using Single-cell Methods

Lax, Gordon; Simpson, Alastair G. B.

doi:10.1016/j.protis.2020.125757

Cited by 13 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Biflagellate, highly metabolic cells with longer and thicker anterior flagellum and protruding feeding apparatus, capable of cutting into other cells and sucking in its contents ( plate F, 89); can and will attempt to feed on anything, including bacteria, yeast, microalgae, ink, raw starch and other euglenids [408]; very rapid response to light by rhodopsin-mediated phototaxis [409]; in recent phylogeny resolved as monophyletic [378]. [300,378]; polyphyletic genus, with two strains (ABLN1 and WBF1) branching separately, with weak support, from the otherwise monophyletic sister clade to Teloprocta [378]; resolved as monophyletic in a recent multigene phylogeny; however, the two divergent strains mentioned above were not included in the analysis [8]. This group has two shared synapomorphies: a thick mantle of rod-shaped epibiotic bacteria covering almost the entire cell, and a layer of mitochondria-derived organelles with reduced or absent cristae located beneath the cell membrane.…”

Section: Taxonomymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two emergent flagella of notably unequal length [395] or four flagella composed of longer and shorter pairs [396] (plate F, 86); may possess epi-or endobiotic bacteria [397]; mostly psychrotolerant or psychrophilic [342,396]; 18S rRNA gene possesses a CA insertion after the second position in the loop of Helix 18 [381]; ribosomal operon present in two copies with opposite orientation in the plastid genome, but one copy may be split [170,381]. Note: this clade is resolved on some trees as polyphyletic, encompassing four clades (themselves monophyletic), scattered across the tree of Spirocuta [378]. Only a recent multigene phylogeny resolves them as a monophyletic sister clade to Euglenophyceae, but with very weak support [8].…”

Section: Biologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…▪ Genus Peranema Dujardin, 1841. Biflagellate, highly metabolic cells with longer and thicker anterior flagellum and protruding feeding apparatus, capable of cutting into other cells and sucking in its contents ( plate F, 89); can and will attempt to feed on anything, including bacteria, yeast, microalgae, ink, raw starch and other euglenids [408]; very rapid response to light by rhodopsin-mediated phototaxis [409]; in recent phylogeny resolved as monophyletic [378]. This group has two shared synapomorphies: a thick mantle of rod-shaped epibiotic bacteria covering almost the entire cell, and a layer of mitochondria-derived organelles with reduced or absent cristae located beneath the cell membrane.…”

Section: Biologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…No culture available; several sequences of SSU rDNA and transcriptomes obtained from single-cell isolates. Clade Spirocuta Cavalier-Smith, 2016. The monophyletic group encompassing all flexible euglenids including phototrophs (Euglenophyceae), primary osmotrophs (Aphagea) and various phagotrophs [378]. The synapomorphy of this group is the capability for ‘metaboly’ also known as ‘euglenoid motion’.Note: The other name used for this assemblage is Helicales [170,330,379,380].…”

Section: Euglenida and Symbiontidamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Type species: Euglenocapsa ochracea Steinecke, 1932.Note: No representative of the incertae sedis genera is available in culture collections. Clade Anisonemia Cavalier-Smith, 2016 . The monophyletic group comprising predominantly flexible (metabolic), mostly biflagellate heterotrophs (phago- and osmotrophs), capable of skidding motility or gliding using posterior flagellum [378]. Order Anisonemida Cavalier-Smith, 2016.…”

Section: Euglenida and Symbiontidamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Euglenozoa: taxonomy, diversity and ecology, symbioses and viruses

et al. 2021

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Euglenozoa is a species-rich group of protists, which have extremely diverse lifestyles and a range of features that distinguish them from other eukaryotes. They are composed of free-living and parasitic kinetoplastids, mostly free-living diplonemids, heterotrophic and photosynthetic euglenids, as well as deep-sea symbiontids. Although they form a well-supported monophyletic group, these morphologically rather distinct groups are almost never treated together in a comparative manner, as attempted here. We present an updated taxonomy, complemented by photos of representative species, with notes on diversity, distribution and biology of euglenozoans. For kinetoplastids, we propose a significantly modified taxonomy that reflects the latest findings. Finally, we summarize what is known about viruses infecting euglenozoans, as well as their relationships with ecto- and endosymbiotic bacteria.

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Section: Taxonomymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Biologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Biologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Euglenida and Symbiontidamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Euglenida and Symbiontidamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Euglenozoa: taxonomy, diversity and ecology, symbioses and viruses

et al. 2021

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V9 Hypervariable Region Metabarcoding Primers for Euglenozoa and Metamonada

Novák,

Treitli,

Füssy

et al. 2024

Environmental DNA

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Short amplicon sequencing is a commonly used method to study the diversity of organisms in various habitats. The hypervariable regions of the small subunit rRNA gene (18S rDNA) are the most general barcodes for eukaryotes, which can provide detailed taxonomic information across a wide range of eukaryotic diversity. However, some organisms are often missed by universal primers, which have difficulty amplifying their barcodes. In this study, specific primers were designed for the amplification of the highly diverse 18S‐V9 region of the Euglenozoa and Metamonada groups. The performance of the newly designed primers—V9Eug and V9Meta—was compared with the universal V9 primer on cultured communities derived from a range of freshwater environments of the Soos Natural Reserve and the Slavkov Forest in the Czech Republic. The V9Eug primer was more specific with Euglenozoa representing 91.8% of reads and 57.0% of OTUs, while the V9Meta primer showed lower specificity with only 48.4% of reads and 19.7% of OTUs assigned to Metamonada. Both the Euglenozoa and Metamonada primer pairs significantly improved recovery of their target groups compared to the universal V9 primer pair, detecting 2.7 and 1.8 times more OTUs, respectively. These results provide a more sensitive protocol for studying the diversity of these eukaryotic taxa.

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Algae from Secondary Endosymbiosis

Friedl

2024

Biology of Algae, Lichens and Bryophytes

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The Molecular Diversity of Phagotrophic Euglenids Examined Using Single-cell Methods

Cited by 13 publications

References 54 publications

Euglenozoa: taxonomy, diversity and ecology, symbioses and viruses

Euglenozoa: taxonomy, diversity and ecology, symbioses and viruses

V9 Hypervariable Region Metabarcoding Primers for Euglenozoa and Metamonada

Algae from Secondary Endosymbiosis

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