The Molecular Epidemiology of Antimicrobial Resistance

Shlaes, David M.; Currie-McCumber, C

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-74095-4_16

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…Several recent reviews detailing the biochemical mechanisms of antibiotic resistance, the role of gene transfer in the evolution of antibiotic resistance, and the evidence for gene transfer between distantly related species are excellent sources which describe the antibiotic resistance problem in clinical bacteria (Shlaes & Cume-McCumber 1989;Hayes & Wolf 1990;Jacoby & Archer 1991;Mazodier & Davies 1991;Amiibile-Cuevas & Chicurel 1992;Neu 1992; G . W. S U N D I N a n d C. L .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissemination of thestrA‐strBstreptomycin‐resistance genes among commensal and pathogenic bacteria from humans, animals, and plants

1996

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Gene transfer within bacterial communities has been recognized as a major contributor in the recent evolution of antibiotic resistance on a global scale. The linked strA-strB genes, which encode streptomycin-inactivating enzymes, are distributed worldwide and confer streptomycin resistance in at least 17 genera of gram-negative bacteria. Nucleotide sequence analyses suggest that strA-strB have been recently disseminated. In bacterial isolates from humans and animals, strA-strB are often linked with the suf11 sulfonamideresistance gene and are encoded on broad-host-range nonconjugative plasmids. In bacterial isolates from plants, strA-strB are encoded on the Tn3-type transposon Tn5393 which is generally borne on conjugative plasmids. The wide distribution of the strA-strB genes in the environment suggests that gene transfer events between human, animal, and plantassociated bacteria have occurred. Although the usage of streptomycin i n clinical medicine and animal husbandry has diminjshed, the persistence of strA-strB in bacterial populations implies that factors other than direct antibiotic selection are involved in maintenance of these genes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissemination of thestrA‐strBstreptomycin‐resistance genes among commensal and pathogenic bacteria from humans, animals, and plants

1996

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“…This, together with their ability to reconform the DNA structure, may play an important role in the genomic plasticity seen in bacteria (1). There is no doubt that transposons are involved in the rapid adaptation of bacterial communities, as for example to antibiotics and aromatic compounds (15,39,42), and their frequent location on conjugative plasmids may facilitate their dissemination.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Abundance of Tn3, Tn21, and Tn501 transposase (tnpA) sequences in bacterial community DNA from marine environments

Dahlberg

Hermansson

1995

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The occurrence of the tnpA genes of the transposons Tn3, Tn21, and Tn501 was assessed in total bacterial community DNA isolated from different marine environments. The PCR technique was employed, together with most probable number statistics, to determine the abundance of the target tnpA genes. All three genes could be detected, and the Tn21 tnpA sequences predominated in all samples. The smallest amount of total community DNA in which the Tn21 tnpA sequence could be detected was 0.037 ng, and on the basis of our results, we estimated that this sequence was present in 1 of 1,000 to 10,000 bacteria. Hybridization of the PCR products with the respective tnpA probes verified the Tn21 and Tn501 tnpA sequences but only some of the Tn3 tnpA amplification products. The distribution and dissemination of transposons in natural bacterial communities are discussed.

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“…In clinical bacteria, the evolution of antibiotic resistance occurs by the dissemination of a resistant strain, the spread of a plasmid among bacterial species or genera, or the spread of a specific resistance determinant among different plasmids and chromosomes (53). The evolution of copper and streptomycin resistance in phytopathogenic bacteria probably occurs via these same mechanisms, although the contributions of these mechanisms to the evolution of resistance in natural populations are for the most part unknown.…”

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confidence: 99%

Genetic and plasmid diversity within natural populations of Pseudomonas syringae with various exposures to copper and streptomycin bactericides

Sundin

Demezas

Bender

1994

Appl Environ Microbiol

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We examined the genetic and plasmid diversity within natural populations of Pseudomonas syringae isolated from three ornamental pear nurseries in eastern Oklahoma. The bactericide spray regimen differed at each nursery; copper and streptomycin, only copper, and no bactericides were applied at nurseries I, II, and III, respectively. Resistance to copper (Cur) and resistance to streptomycin (Smr) were determined for 1,938

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The Molecular Epidemiology of Antimicrobial Resistance

Cited by 5 publications

References 95 publications

Dissemination of thestrA‐strBstreptomycin‐resistance genes among commensal and pathogenic bacteria from humans, animals, and plants

Dissemination of thestrA‐strBstreptomycin‐resistance genes among commensal and pathogenic bacteria from humans, animals, and plants

Abundance of Tn3, Tn21, and Tn501 transposase (tnpA) sequences in bacterial community DNA from marine environments

Genetic and plasmid diversity within natural populations of Pseudomonas syringae with various exposures to copper and streptomycin bactericides

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