The molecular underpinnings of body size regulation: Transcriptional changes in foxo and mTor in Drosophila melanogaster selected for fast development

Shrivastava, Nidhi Krishna; Yadav, Abhishek; Rauhila, Neha; Farand, Abhishek Kumar; Khati, Meenakshi; Shakarad, Mallikarjun N.

doi:10.1016/j.genrep.2023.101841

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 63 publications

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“…The JB populations are large with high energy reserves (this study) compared to FLJs, and thus were similar to high-condition due to su cient feeding time and not due to high quality diet. In our earlier studies, we have shown that the reduction in size of the FLJ ies is not due to starvation or stress like conditions 12 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Evolution of “Live fast, die late” life history strategy in Drosophila melanogaster males

Shakarad,

Farand,

Shrivastava

et al. 2024

Preprint

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In holometabolus insects, fitness is intricately linked with body size. Large males with high energy reserves often adopt ‘live fast, die young’ life-history strategy to maximize fitness compared to small individuals. However, in promiscuous, iteroparous systems, males that live fast and die late have evolutionary advantage. Using two types of Drosophila melanogaster populations- one that have evolved small size as a response to long term selection for faster development and extended longevity (FLJs) and the other that are large ancestral control populations (JBs), we revisit the (i) disposable soma theory, and (ii) live fast, die early life history strategy hypothesis. Contrary to the two hypotheses, the small FLJ males with significantly reduced energy reserves invested heavily in pre-reproductive traits as indicated by significantly higher courtship duration, number of mounting attempts, and comparable copulation duration to JB males. FLJ males also have comparable lifetime fecundity and realized fitness without compromising on longevity, suggesting that FLJ males are adopting a novel “live fast, die late” life history strategy.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Evolution of “Live fast, die late” life history strategy in Drosophila melanogaster males

Shakarad,

Farand,

Shrivastava

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Patterning, regulation, and role of FoxO/DAF-16 in the early embryo

Mauro,

Martin,

Dumont

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Insulin resistance and diabetes are associated with many health issues including higher rates of birth defects and miscarriage during pregnancy. Because insulin resistance and diabetes are both associated with obesity, which also affects fertility, the role of insulin signaling itself in embryo development is not well understood. A key downstream target of the insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling (IIS) pathway is the forkhead family transcription factor FoxO (DAF-16 in C. elegans). Here, we used quantitative live imaging to measure the patterning of endogenously tagged FoxO/DAF-16 in the early worm embryo. In 2-4-cell stage embryos, FoxO/DAF-16 initially localized uniformly to all cell nuclei, then became dramatically enriched in germ precursor cell nuclei beginning at the 8-cell stage. This nuclear enrichment in early germ precursor cells required germ fate specification, PI3K (AGE-1)- and PTEN (DAF-18)-mediated phospholipid regulation, and the deubiquitylase USP7 (MATH-33), yet was unexpectedly insulin receptor (DAF-2)- and AKT-independent. Functional analysis revealed that FoxO/DAF-16 acts as a cell cycle pacer for early cleavage divisions--without FoxO/DAF-16 cell cycles were shorter than in controls, especially in germ lineage cells. These results reveal the germ lineage specific patterning, upstream regulation, and cell cycle role for FoxO/DAF-16 during early C. elegans embryogenesis.

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Genetic basis of variation in immune function in Drosophila melanogaster selected for fast development and late reproduction

Chandrashekara,

Shrivastava,

Chauhan

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Genes with immune functions are rapidly evolving genes. Understanding the genetic architecture that facilitates this change is a challenge for evolutionary biologists. Previously, we have reported heightened immune surveillance in Drosophila selected for faster development and longer life span. In this work we tested whether genome architecture of innate immunity evolves as a consequence of long-term selection for life history traits (faster development and longer lifespan) by checking the single nucleotide polymorphism changes accumulated in genes involved in immune system and hematopoiesis. We found 2 important genes with high impact SNPs in immune related genes namely, Nim B5 and Tep 3 (Thioester-containing protein 3), of which Tep3 gene was found to be transcriptionally upregulated among selected populations. Tep3 has been known to have endopeptidase inhibitor activity. It is involved in the biological process of phagocytosis, defense response to other organism, and defense response to Gram-positive bacterium. Further NimB5 is involved in regulating hematopoiesis. Here we propose that TEP3 and NimB5 might be working collectively in evolving flies with better adaptability by modulating their immune system.

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The molecular underpinnings of body size regulation: Transcriptional changes in foxo and mTor in Drosophila melanogaster selected for fast development

Cited by 3 publications

References 63 publications

Evolution of “Live fast, die late” life history strategy in Drosophila melanogaster males

Evolution of “Live fast, die late” life history strategy in Drosophila melanogaster males

Patterning, regulation, and role of FoxO/DAF-16 in the early embryo

Genetic basis of variation in immune function in Drosophila melanogaster selected for fast development and late reproduction

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