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The course of the Spanish flu on the territory of the former Russian Empire is not well studied. This is due to the state of the medical statistics during the times of the Civil War. The medical data was collected more diligently by the Soviet Russia rather than by the officials of the White Army.This article discusses the timeline, symptoms, morbidity and mortality of the Spanish flu. The materials used in this article were obtained from the regional hospital archives, printed publications, and personal memoirs.The virus of the Spanish flu has initially entered the territory of Russia at the end of August of 1918 through the demarcation line with the German army at the temporary western border defined by the Treaty of Brest. In the beginning of September the virus was carried out by the Allies army through the ports of Murmansk and Arkhangelsk. In the European part of Russia, the outbreak started around September–November of 1918. So far, there is not enough data regarding pandemic flu in Siberia and Far East region of Russia. The unknown illness that undermined the combat capability of the 11th Red Army at the end of the fall of 1918 was likely of viral etiology. There was no evidence found that pandemic flu in Russia had high mortality.The possible correlation between atypical malignant nature of typhus and relapsing fever, the epidemics of which began in the fall of 1918, and the previous exposure of the population to the influenza virus has been hypothesized. Another hypothesis under discussion is about the possible correlation between outbreaks of the malaria and measles and subsequent susceptibility to the pandemic Spanish flu virus.
The course of the Spanish flu on the territory of the former Russian Empire is not well studied. This is due to the state of the medical statistics during the times of the Civil War. The medical data was collected more diligently by the Soviet Russia rather than by the officials of the White Army.This article discusses the timeline, symptoms, morbidity and mortality of the Spanish flu. The materials used in this article were obtained from the regional hospital archives, printed publications, and personal memoirs.The virus of the Spanish flu has initially entered the territory of Russia at the end of August of 1918 through the demarcation line with the German army at the temporary western border defined by the Treaty of Brest. In the beginning of September the virus was carried out by the Allies army through the ports of Murmansk and Arkhangelsk. In the European part of Russia, the outbreak started around September–November of 1918. So far, there is not enough data regarding pandemic flu in Siberia and Far East region of Russia. The unknown illness that undermined the combat capability of the 11th Red Army at the end of the fall of 1918 was likely of viral etiology. There was no evidence found that pandemic flu in Russia had high mortality.The possible correlation between atypical malignant nature of typhus and relapsing fever, the epidemics of which began in the fall of 1918, and the previous exposure of the population to the influenza virus has been hypothesized. Another hypothesis under discussion is about the possible correlation between outbreaks of the malaria and measles and subsequent susceptibility to the pandemic Spanish flu virus.
В статье исследуется состояние здравоохранения в 1920-1930-е гг. в Северной Осетии. Целью данного исследования является выявление основных направлений становления, развития и функционирования органов здравоохранения, а также результатов их деятельности в Северной Осетии в первые десятилетия советской власти, в 1920-1930-е гг. Автор акцентирует внимание на позитивных процессах первых десятилетий советской власти в социальной сфере. Утверждается мысль о том, что на этапе социально-экономического, политического и культурного перелома страна совершила качественный прорыв и за короткий период времени заложила основы более высокой по сравнению с предыдущим периодом организации здравоохранения. За первые десятилетия советской власти произошли значительные изменения в оказании медицинской помощи населению. Дефицит бюджета советского государства, квалифицированных медицинских кадров сдерживали этот процесс. Приоритетом для советского здравоохранения стало оказание качественной медицинской помощи трудящимся слоям населения, которые ранее были ее лишены. Эти позитивные процессы во многом были связаны с тесным взаимодействием органов власти всех уровней и органов здравоохранения. Автор обосновывает мысль о том, что на этом этапе нашей истории шел процесс формирования подлинно социального государства. The article is devoted to the study of the state of healthcare in the 1920s-1930s in North Ossetia. The purpose of this study is to identify the main directions of formation, development and functioning of health authorities, as well as the results of their activities in North Ossetia in the first decades of Soviet power, in the 1920-1930s. The author focuses on the positive processes of the first decades of Soviet power in the social sphere. The idea is affirmed that at the stage of the socio-economic, political and cultural turning point, the country made a qualitative breakthrough and in a short period laid the foundations for a higher foundation of health care compared to the previous period of time. During the first decades of Soviet power, there were significant changes in the provision of medical care to the population. The budget deficit of the Soviet state, qualified medical personnel held back this process. The priority for Soviet health care was the provision of quality medical care, namely, to the working strata of the population who had previously been deprived of it. These positive processes were largely associated with close interaction between authorities at all levels and health authorities. The author substantiates the idea that at this stage of our history there was a process of formation of a truly social state.
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