The Morphological Effects of ZnO Upon the Antimicrobial and Deodorant Activities of Polyethylene Terephthalate/ZnO Composite Filaments

Hwang, Sung‐Ho; Kim, Young Kwang; Seo, Hyejin; Hong, Seong Hui; Lim, Sang Kyoo; Lee, Seung Hwan; Kim, Dong-Kwon

doi:10.1166/jnn.2019.16848

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Thus, with the raise in the bottom thickness, the internal stress of the bottle decreased, and the ESC resistance was improved without jeopardizing the other properties of the bottle 12 . On the other hand, the number of studies using various additives to enhance the ESC resistance as well as the different properties of PET bottles is limited 13–15 …”

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confidence: 99%

“…12 On the other hand, the number of studies using various additives to enhance the ESC resistance as well as the different properties of PET bottles is limited. [13][14][15] Natural or synthesized borate types are used for different applications due to their characteristic properties such as piezoelectric, optical, ferroelectric, 16 luminescent, 17 and flame retardant. 18 Another remarkable feature of borates is that they can act as catalysts in hydrocarbon conversion processes.…”

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confidence: 99%

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A way to enhance the mechanical performance and UV visible‐light barrier of polyethylene terephthalate packaging material: Synthesis and application of takedaite (Ca₃B₂O₆)

Kocayavuz

Demirel

Yaraş

et al. 2022

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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The current study aimed to produce polyethylene terephthalate (PET)/takedaite (Ca 3 B 2 O 6 ) composite bottles, an innovative packaging material with better performance. For this, Ca 3 B 2 O 6 was firstly synthesized by sol-gel route and then it was incorporated to PET at five rates by extrusion. Finally, preform and PET bottles were produced by injection and stretch-blow-molding processes, respectively. The results showed that the use of Ca 3 B 2 O 6 significantly improved the mechanical performance and UV transmittance of PET. Compared to pure PET, the load-carrying capacity and burst strength enhanced by 133.66% and 54.16%, respectively. Environmental stress cracking (ESC) time increased from 0.3 to 18 min at 0.8% Ca 3 B 2 O 6 concentration.Moreover, UV transmittance (~85%) of PET decreased to approximately ~18% in the visible region with the incorporation of 0.8 wt% Ca 3 B 2 O 6 . In terms of chemical degradation, Ca 3 B 2 O 6 incorporation did not change the diethylene glycol (DEG) and isophthalic acid (IPA) rates, however it played an enhancing and reductive role in acetaldehyde (AA) and carboxylic acid (COOH) degradations, respectively. Accordingly, this novel product offers the opportunity to minimize the problems that may occur due to transportation/storage and photocatalytic degradation of food and beverages in PET packaging.

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A way to enhance the mechanical performance and UV visible‐light barrier of polyethylene terephthalate packaging material: Synthesis and application of takedaite (Ca₃B₂O₆)

Kocayavuz

Demirel

Yaraş

et al. 2022

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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“…Among these additives, nanofillers may improve thermal stability, flame retardancy, the mechanical properties, vapor permeability, chemical resistance, and antimicrobial action [11]. As an optimized example, nanostructured zinc oxide (ZnO) has been used and good properties were obtained, such as low dielectric constants, high light transmittance, and antimicrobial activity [7,12,14]. No work has yet been done on the stress cracking behavior of PET/ZnO composites [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of ZnO on the Failure of PET by Environmental Stress Cracking

et al. 2020

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The aim of the present work is to evaluate the effect of NaOH solution as a stress cracking agent on the thermal and tensile properties of PET and PET/ZnO composites. The solutions were applied during tensile testing and the effects were monitored by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and testing the actual mechanical properties. The rate of crystallization was increased when the samples were exposed to NaOH, as observed by both cold and melt crystallization; this is possibly due to the reduction in molar mass of the PET molecules caused by NaOH. During melting, the DSC peaks became more complex, which is probably due to the distinct macromolecular mass, as well as crystallites with different sizes and levels of perfection. According to TGA analyses, no drastic changes were observed on the thermal stability of PET due to the action of NaOH. The tensile properties were shown to decrease drastically upon exposure to NaOH, which is the main symptom of stress cracking, leading to increased fragility, as also observed in the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images. The presence of ZnO improved PET crystallization and provided some protection against the harmful effects of NaOH.

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“…20 ESC risk of beverage bottles can be reduced in two ways: producing more durable bottles with smart base design or avoiding contact with the chemical environment. [21][22][23] Although there have been studies in recent years in which inorganic additives are used as fillers to improve the gas and light transmittance, chemical stability, and stress cracking of PET [24][25][26][27][28][29] ,no such study has been found on the ESC performance of PET bottles.…”

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Improvement of environmental stress cracking performance, load‐carrying capacity, and UV light barrier property of polyethylene terephthalate packaging material

Inaner

Demirel

Yaraş

et al. 2022

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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This study deals with the improvement of light barrier properties and stress cracking strength of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) packaging materials by incorporating calcium metaborate (CaB 2 O 4 ). CaB 2 O 4 powders were synthesized by the sol-gel method. After the extrusion process produced PET/ CaB 2 O 4 granules, the preform and bottle production was carried out by injection molding and blow molding. Compared to pure PET, UV transmittance is reduced (~88%), and it is more effective at lower wavelengths (<800 nm). Similarly, the presence of CaB 2 O 4 improved the environmental stress cracking performance of PET packaging materials. While the burst strength increased in the range of 0.05%-0.2% CaB 2 O 4 concentration, it decreased at higher concentrations. The load-carrying capacity is approximately 109% higher than pure PET. Acetic acid (COOH) degradation increased with the incorporation of CaB 2 O 4 particles, while isophthalic acid and diethylene glycol degradations did not change. The experimental data indicate that the photocatalytic degradation of the PET bottle is prevented significantly, and its mechanical performance is also improved with the incorporation of CaB 2 O 4 . Thanks to this novel product, the quality of food and beverages in PET packaging materials can be protected from the harmful effects of light, and the deformation of PET packaging materials can be prevented for various reasons.

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The Morphological Effects of ZnO Upon the Antimicrobial and Deodorant Activities of Polyethylene Terephthalate/ZnO Composite Filaments

Cited by 7 publications

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A way to enhance the mechanical performance and UV visible‐light barrier of polyethylene terephthalate packaging material: Synthesis and application of takedaite (Ca₃B₂O₆)

A way to enhance the mechanical performance and UV visible‐light barrier of polyethylene terephthalate packaging material: Synthesis and application of takedaite (Ca₃B₂O₆)

The Effect of ZnO on the Failure of PET by Environmental Stress Cracking

Improvement of environmental stress cracking performance, load‐carrying capacity, and UV light barrier property of polyethylene terephthalate packaging material

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The Morphological Effects of ZnO Upon the Antimicrobial and Deodorant Activities of Polyethylene Terephthalate/ZnO Composite Filaments

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

A way to enhance the mechanical performance and UV visible‐light barrier of polyethylene terephthalate packaging material: Synthesis and application of takedaite (Ca3B2O6)

A way to enhance the mechanical performance and UV visible‐light barrier of polyethylene terephthalate packaging material: Synthesis and application of takedaite (Ca3B2O6)

The Effect of ZnO on the Failure of PET by Environmental Stress Cracking

Improvement of environmental stress cracking performance, load‐carrying capacity, and UV light barrier property of polyethylene terephthalate packaging material

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Product

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A way to enhance the mechanical performance and UV visible‐light barrier of polyethylene terephthalate packaging material: Synthesis and application of takedaite (Ca₃B₂O₆)

A way to enhance the mechanical performance and UV visible‐light barrier of polyethylene terephthalate packaging material: Synthesis and application of takedaite (Ca₃B₂O₆)